Monitoring cardiovascular disease severity using near-infrared mechanoluminescent materials as a built-in indicator

Abstract

A mechanoluminescent material that can emit near-infrared light with a pressure-correlated intensity is embedded in an artificial vascular graft. The graft can monitor the cardiovascular disease-related degree of vascular opening or hypertension.

Novel spectral band: ultraviolet A mechanoluminescence from Bi3+-doped LiYGeO4

“…3a, when monitored at λ em = 355 nm, the PLE spectrum shows a broad band in the 250–330 nm region peaked at 303 nm. In addition to the peak at 303 nm, when monitored at λ em = 725 nm, other two 1–39 peaks at 615 and 655 nm are observed, which are ascribed to the 2 P 1/2 → 2 P 3/2 transition of Bi 2+ . PL spectra at room temperature of Li x Y 0.995 GeO 4 :0.005Bi 3+ ( x = 0.898, 0.991, 0.994, 0.997, 1.000 and 1.003) are shown in Fig.…”

“…13 Inspired by this, it is possible to obtain a UV ML material with great potential in terms of sterilization, drug release and cancer therapy. [14][15][16] However, to date, only a handful of UV ML materials have been successfully developed such as Ce 3+ doped SrAl 2 O 4 . 17,18 With the electronic configuration [Xe]4f 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 3 , Bi is one of the most investigated main-group elements, which has nearly full-spectrum luminescence due to the existence of multiple oxidation states and the ability to form clusters.…”

“…13 Inspired by this, it is possible to obtain a UV ML material with great potential in terms of sterilization, drug release and cancer therapy. 14–16 However, to date, only a handful of UV ML materials have been successfully developed such as Ce 3+ doped SrAl 2 O 4 . 17,18…”

Tunable and enhanced mechanoluminescence in LiYGeO4:Tb3+via Bi3+ → Tb3+ energy transfer

“…1 Due to the linear relationship between luminescence intensity and load, ML materials have potential applications in lighting and displaying, high-level information storage, artificial intelligent skin, health monitoring and wearable devices. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] In particular, by using the luminescence signals as the medium, ML could enable in situ, remote, distributed and visualized stress sensing for different kinds of interfaces. 9 So far, ML has been classified into two categories of deformation-ML and tribo-ML (TML).…”

Biomechanical Sensing Systems for Cardiac Activity Monitoring

“…Electrocardiograms (ECG), Doppler ultrasounds, arteriography, computed tomography (CT), and other imaging techniques, among others, are commonly used in clinical settings to evaluate cardiovascular disease (CVD), all of which are able to identify the disease accurately [7][8][9]. In addition, patients who have arrhythmia and myocardial ischemia are required to have real-time electrocardiogram monitoring [10].…”