Monitoring bacterial contamination of blood components in Germany: effect of contamination reduction measures

Walther-Wenke, G.; König, Carl Heinz Wirsing von; Däubener, Walter; Heiden, M.; Hoch, J.; Hornei, B.; Volkers, Peter

doi:10.1111/j.1423-0410.2010.01432.x

Cited by 30 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…If the instrument detects bacterial growth in the bottle it is flagged and the corresponding platelet unit is discarded. While this process is reasonably successful at detecting fast growing organisms, many of the slow growing species do not grow to a high enough titer to be detected, thus creating the potential for false-negative units to be released for transfusion 7,12,14,16,22 . Unlike culture based detection systems, rapid point of care testing is typically performed later in the platelet storage period when the bacterial load has increased significantly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination

Keil

Hovenga

Gilmour

et al. 2015

JoVE

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Contamination of platelet units by bacteria has long been acknowledged as a significant transfusion risk due to their post-donation storage conditions. Products are routinely stored at 22 °C on an agitating shaker, a condition that can promote bacterial growth. Although the total number of bacteria believed to be introduced into a platelet product is extremely low, these bacteria can multiply to a very high titer prior to transfusion, potentially resulting in serious adverse events. The aim of this study was to evaluate a riboflavin based pathogen reduction process against a panel of bacteria that have been identified as common contaminants of platelet products. This panel included the following organisms: S. epidermidis, S. aureus, S. mitis, S. pyogenes, S. marcescens, Y. enterocolitica, B. neotomae, B. cereus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae. Each platelet unit was inoculated with a high bacterial load and samples were removed both before and after treatment. A colony forming assay, using an end point dilution scheme, was used to determine the pre-treatment and post-treatment bacterial titers. Log reduction was calculated by subtracting the post-treatment titer from the pre-treatment titer. The following log reductions were observed: S. epidermidis 4.7 log (99.998%), S. aureus 4.8 log (99.998%), S. mitis 3.7 log (99.98%), S. pyogenes 2.6 log (99.7%), S. marcescens 4.0 log (99.99%), Y. enterocolitica 3.3 log (99.95%), B. neotomae 5.4 log (99.9996%), B. cereus 2.6 log (99.7%), E. coli ≥5.4 log (99.9996%), P. aeruginosa 4.7 log (99.998%) and K. pneumoniae 2.8 log (99.8%). The results from this study suggest the process could help to lower the risk of severe adverse transfusion events associated with bacterial contamination.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination

Keil

Hovenga

Gilmour

et al. 2015

JoVE

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“…The implementation of routine bacterial detection methods to screen platelets for bacterial contamination can further reduce but not completely eliminate the risk of PC-transmitted bacterial infection [34]. Bacterial detection assays only detect less than 40% of contaminated products [35,36]. Therefore, comprehensive protection from bacterial infections including fatal sepsis transmitted by contaminated PCs remains the major reason for implementation of PI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model Calculations to Quantify Clinical and Economic Effects of Pathogen Inactivation in Platelet Concentrates

Berger¹,

Bauer²,

Schopohl

et al. 2013

Oncol Res Treat

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Background: Future shortages in platelet supply are expected in Germany due to demographic changes. A rising cancer incidence will lead to an increasing demand for platelet concentrates (PCs) while the number of potential donors will decrease. Pathogen inactivation (PI) aims to inactivate various infectious agents including emerging pathogens to extend the shelf-life of PCs and reduce the frequency of acute transfusion reactions (ATRs). In this context, the clinical and economic impact of PI on platelet transfusion was evaluated. Material and Methods: Model calculations were conducted for 2 scenarios considering different production settings. Frequencies of ATRs were based on literature analyses, platelet and ATR costs on cost analyses. Results: The estimated average costs for ATRs of grade 1 and 2, irrespective of origin, and grade 3 (allergic) were € 104, € 238, and € 1,200, respectively. Approximately 400 PC-related ATRs per 10⁵ transfusions can be avoided, with estimated savings amounting to € 77,000. The total cost increase was calculated to approximately € 30-50 per PI-treated PC. Conclusion: PI potentially saves plasma, prolongs shelf-life, decreases donor deferral, and reduces ATRs. Model calculations considering clinical and safety benefits of PI show a rational cost increase. The impact of PI should be further evaluated from a societal perspective regarding future blood supply and infectious disease globalization.

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“…Von anderen AuTab. 9 Inaktivierung von Bakterien durch das THERAFLEX UV-Platelets System. Die Inaktivierungskapazität ist als logarithmischer Faktor der Abnahme der Vermehrungsfähigkeit (log 10 Reduktionsfaktor, LRF) a dargestellt…”

Section: Unerwünschte Effekte Der Pathogeninaktivierung Mit Theraflexunclassified

Pathogen-Inaktivierungssysteme für Thrombozytenkonzentrate

2018

Bundesgesundheitsbl

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Monitoring bacterial contamination of blood components in Germany: effect of contamination reduction measures

Abstract: Precautionary measures significantly reduced bacterial contamination rates of blood components. Long-term monitoring with standardized methods is appropriate to evaluate the cumulative effect of contamination-preventing measures.

Cited by 30 publications

References 27 publications

Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination

Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination

Model Calculations to Quantify Clinical and Economic Effects of Pathogen Inactivation in Platelet Concentrates

Pathogen-Inaktivierungssysteme für Thrombozytenkonzentrate

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