Monitoring and detection of new endemic foci of canine leishmaniosis in northern continental Italy: An update from a study involving five regions (2018–2019)

Gradoni, Luigi; Ferroglio, Ezio; Zanet, Stefania; Mignone, Walter; Venco, Luigi; Bongiorno, Gioia; Fiorentino, Eleonora; Cassini, Rudi; Grillini, Marika; Simonato, Giulia; Michelutti, Alice; Montarsi, Fabrizio; Natale, Alda; Gizzarelli, Manuela; Manzillo, Valentina Foglia; Basano, Fabrizio Solari; Nazzari, Roberto; Melideo, Ornella; Gatti, Diego; Oliva, Gætano

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100676

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The specificity of the dipstick test with control sera, including healthy asymptomatic and T. cruzi positive samples, was found to be 98.21% and 97.56%, respectively. Several newer endemic foci of CVL have been recently discovered in Italy (Gradoni et al, 2022). We validated our dipsticks in a center of the University of Naples, Italy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Immunological Assays Based on Leishmania donovani Antigen for Diagnosis of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis and Their Multicenter Evaluation in Brazil and Italy

Ejazi

Saha

Bhattacharyya

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) due to Leishmania infantum infection is a zoonotic disease prevalent in the areas of South America and the Mediterranean. Infected dogs as reservoirs can contribute to disease transmission and can be a scourge to public health. Therefore, early diagnosis of infected dogs may play a pivotal role in circumscribing disease progression. Invasive tissue aspiration and insufficient serological methods impair a single assay for prompt CVL diagnosis. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the potential of Leishmania donovani isolated membrane protein, LAg, for the diagnosis of CVL through immunological assays. Initially, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was done with Brazilian dog sera to evaluate the performance of LAg in diagnosing CVL and found sensitivity and specificity of 92.50% and 95%, respectively. The study further confirmed the diagnostic efficacy of LAg in a dipstick format. The dipstick test of canine sera from three centers in Brazil and one center in Italy collectively showed sensitivity values in the range of 53.33% to 100% in recognizing symptomatic dogs and specificity values between 75% and 100% to rule out healthy dogs. Moreover, a rapid immunochromatographic test was developed and optimized using LAg. This test was able to identify 94.73% of CVL of Brazilian origin with specificity of 97.29%. The current results highlight the reactive potential of the L. donovani antigen, LAg, for L. infantum CVL diagnosis and support our previous findings, which suggest the utility of LAg for the diagnosis of both L. donovani and L. infantum human VL in a variety of endemic regions. LAg as a diagnostic candidate may be employed to identify comprehensive CVL cases in epidemiological areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Immunological Assays Based on Leishmania donovani Antigen for Diagnosis of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis and Their Multicenter Evaluation in Brazil and Italy

Ejazi

Saha

Bhattacharyya

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Kotnik et al, 2021;Shaw et al, 2003). The absence of routine screening of imported healthy animals could facilitate the circulation of Leishmania in non-endemic regions and countries, which could represent a potential risk for the introduction of the parasite in places where permissive vectors are present, as recently observed in Northern Italy (Gradoni et al, 2022). Laboratory diagnosis of Leishmania infection was described in 1087 cases (Table 3).…”

Section: Canine Leishmania Infection and Leishmaniosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A global perspective on non-autochthonous canine and feline Leishmania infection and leishmaniosis in the 21st century

Rocha¹,

Pereira

Maia³

2023

Acta Tropica

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“…However, high standardized incidence ratios were also observed in some coastal and inland areas of northern Italy, confirming the northward expansion of vector populations due to climatic changes. This is consistent with the detection of new endemic foci of canine and human leishmaniasis in our country (Moirano et al ., 2020; Gaspari et al ., 2022; Gradoni et al ., 2022). The study by Moirano et al showed, during an 8-year period (2009–2016), 1126 cases of VL with a crude incidence rate (IR) of 2.43 cases per 10 6 person-years with 2 age peaks: the first in the age groups of 0–4 years (IR 7.63 cases) and the second in the age group of 65–74 years (IR: 2.79 cases) (Moirano et al ., 2022).…”

Section: Symposium On the Italian Network On Ntdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neglected Tropical Diseases in Italy: introducing IN-NTD, the Italian network for NTDs

et al. 2023

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The World Health Organization (WHO) defines neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) as a diverse group of primarily infectious diseases, which disproportionately affect poor and marginalized populations worldwide. In this context, NTDs are responsible for important morbidity and mortality and justify a global response. Moreover, NTDs are relatively neglected by research and development as well as by funding, if compared with the magnitude of the public health problem they represent. This happens even though, unlike other infectious diseases, they can be prevented, controlled and eliminated by targeted public health interventions. NTDs are mainly prevalent in communities from low-income countries in tropical and sub-tropical areas but are also present in upper–middle-income countries, including several in Europe. Here, we provide an update on the most relevant parasitic endemic or imported NTDs in Italy and illustrate the rationale for the establishment of the Italian network on NTDs, an alliance of scientific societies, institutes, foundations, universities and non-profit organizations united to fight NTDs.

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Monitoring and detection of new endemic foci of canine leishmaniosis in northern continental Italy: An update from a study involving five regions (2018–2019)

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Development of Immunological Assays Based on Leishmania donovani Antigen for Diagnosis of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis and Their Multicenter Evaluation in Brazil and Italy

Development of Immunological Assays Based on Leishmania donovani Antigen for Diagnosis of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis and Their Multicenter Evaluation in Brazil and Italy

A global perspective on non-autochthonous canine and feline Leishmania infection and leishmaniosis in the 21st century

Neglected Tropical Diseases in Italy: introducing IN-NTD, the Italian network for NTDs

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