Monitoring and Characterization of the Spatial Distribution of Rhynchophorus Palmarum in Conventional Oil Palm Planting

Abstract

The aim of this work was to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of males and females of R. palmarum using geostatistics as a tool. The experiment was carried out in a commercial oil palm plantation area, in the municipality of Moju (PA), Brazil. Monthly samplings were performed, from June 2013 to May 2014. The sampling of insects was carried out through bucket-type traps with pheromone and food attractant, all georeferenced. Population fluctuation, Pearson correlation and spatial analysis were performed through geostatistics. Among the abiotic factors evaluated, only relative humidity and insolation showed a significant correlation for the insect population. The spherical model was the one that presented the best fit, with ranges for males of 240 to 550 meters and females of 300 to 550 meters. The Kriging maps indicated for both sexes, a moderately pattern of aggregate infestation, located on the edges of the oil palm plantation block, mainly close to the native forest. The results indicate that the traps should be distributed on the edges of the oil palm plantations.

Spatial Distribution of Hunting Billbugs (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Sod Farms

“…Range is the maximum distance between samples below which spatial autocorrelation is present [34,38], and the range value plays a critical role in determining the adequate sampling distance for an unbiased, independent sampling plan [6,11,15,25,39]. The nugget-to-sill ratio (C 0 /C 0 + C) and nugget were used to determine the degree of aggregation [40], where ratios <0.25, 0.25-0.75, and >0.75 indicated strong, moderate, and weak aggregation, respectively [11,[41][42][43]. After selection of the variograms, interpolated pest distribution maps of billbug infestations were generated to visually demonstrate the infestation hot spots in the fields using the kriging interpolation technique [11,[44][45][46].…”

Spatiotemporal dynamics of a palm weevils' outbreak and susceptibility of peach palm (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) landraces in a germplasm bank in southwestern Colombia

“…Additionally, further studies identified synergists to increase the capture efficiency of the traps (Oehlschlager, 2016; Rochat et al, 2000). Nevertheless, despite the negative economic impact that these weevil species have inflicted on palm plantations in the neotropics (including peach palm) and the convenience of having a reliable collection method, few studies have evaluated the spatiotemporal dynamics of these palm weevils (i.e., R. palmarum and D. borassi ), and all of them have focused only in R. palmarum populations (Dionisio et al, 2020; Landero‐Torres et al, 2015; Pinho et al, 2016; Santos et al, 2020).…”