Monitoreo de los indicadores del Programa "Chile Crece Contigo" 2008-2011

Abstract

Objective: To monitor coverage and outcomes associated with the activities of the integrated protection system for early childhood Chile Grows with You (CHCC), which includes the comprehensive psychosocial development of children between 18 months and 3 years old, in each of the 29 Health Services of the country, as well as the changes observed after 4 years. material and method: Database analysis of all local public networks in the country between 2008 and 2011 was performed. The application of the test regarding psychomotor development, prevalence of development delay and risk, participation of mothers in educational workshops, home visits and recovery rate of deficient children by age were studied. Median and observed changes of each indicator were analyzed developing a ranking based on the results observed. results: Approximately 75% of children were evaluated, with a prevalence of delay or risk of about 5% and a rate of recovery close to 50%. The participation of mothers in educational workshops increased from 7.6 to 11.0% (p <0.001) and home visits to developmentally delayed children increased 6 times between 2009 and 2011 (p <0.001). Most changes were positive, although the prevalence of developmentally delayed children under 2 years slightly increased (0.6%), and the recovery of 3 year olds decreased (-14.4%). A great variability was observed among the Health Services. Conclusions: There are some positive results in relation to psychomotor development, with significant regional differences. A lower than expected deficit rate regarding psychomotor development was observed, which implies the need to further analyze the instrument used or the conditions of application.

Normas preliminares del Test de Desarrollo Psicomotor (TEPSI) para niños argentinos de 3 y 4 años

“…Por otra parte, los resultados del estudio indicaron que el 83.5% de los niños presentaron un desarrollo psicomotor esperable para su edad, mientras que el 14.5% se ubicó en la franja de riesgo y el 2% presentó retraso. Estos porcentajes son semejantes a los obtenidos en estudios previos realizados en Argentina y en otros países de América del Sur, en los cuales se indica que entre el 68% y 85% de los niños alcanza niveles de desarrollo psicomotor de acuerdo a la norma y entre el 15% y 26% se ubica en las categorías de riesgo y retraso (Atalah et al, 2014;Canetti et al, 2002;Gerometta et al, 2014;Heresi-Venegas & Avaria-Benaprés, 2014;Lejarraga, 2008;Oiberman et al, 2012;Schapira et al, 2008;Schonhaut et al, 2003).…”

“…En relación a la distribución de los niños por área, el mayor porcentaje de niños en riesgo y retraso se presentó en coordinación psicomotriz, a diferencia de estudios previos que refieren mayores dificultades en el área del lenguaje. Numerosas investigaciones concluyen que la función del lenguaje suele ser la más comprometida en el desarrollo infantil, registrando los mayores porcentajes de riesgo y retraso en comparación con los otros indicadores del TEPSI (Aguinaga-Espinoza, 2012;Atalah et al, 2014;Canetti et al, 2002;Lipina, 2006;Otárola-Suárez, 2012;Schonhaut et al, 2003;. Sin embargo, el presente trabajo no aportó evidencia en este sentido.…”

“…Dentro de este marco, nuestro objeto de estudio es un instrumento de screening de origen chileno creado por Haeussler y Marchánt (1997), denominado Test de Desarrollo Psicomotor (TEPSI), el cual ha sido empleado en varios países de Latinoamérica (Vericat & Orden, 2010), y tiene como propósito evaluar el desarrollo psicomotor en niños entre 2 y 5 años de edad. El mismo cuenta con un amplio reconocimiento en su país de origen, donde se ha utilizado en numerosos trabajos de investigación y a nivel de atención primaria en salud: «Chile Crece Contigo 2008-2011» (Atalah, Cordero, Guerra, Quezada, Carrasco, & Romo, 2014). Se ha registrado el empleo y el estudio de este instrumento en países como Perú (Angulo-Ramos & Merino-Soto, 2012; Astete et al, 2010; Merino-Soto, 2014a, Ministerio de Salud [MINSA], 2017), Ecuador (Jiménez-Capa, 2014), México (Myers & Martínez, 2003) y Argentina, en el Programa de Seguimiento de Niños Prematuros del Hospital Materno Infantil Ramón Sardá (Gerometta, Aspres, Schapira, Granovsky, & Vivas, 2014;Schapira, 2007;Schapira et al, 2008).…”

Center-Based Child Care and Differential Improvements in the Child Development Outcomes of Disadvantaged Children

“…Children in low-income settings have few child development aids in the household, such as books, music, and toys designed to stimulate children; subsequently, those without such resources in the home score lower on child development tests (Behrman et al, 2010). A previous survey estimates 34% of children age three have some sort of developmental delay (Aguilera et al, 2006); language tends to be the area of delay that is the most common (Atalah et al, 2014). Interestingly, there is not a clear association between center-based care attendance and SES (Behrman et al, 2010).…”

Internal and inter-rater reliability of the ASQ-3 in Mexican preschoolers

“…One of its main objectives was to reduce the prevalence of developmental delay risk through specific actions for children and mothers in vulnerable conditions. This program has been evaluated at various levels through indicators to identify areas of opportunity and improve early childhood care by restructuring child health actions and policies in this country (Atalah et al, 2014), which has prompted other countries in the region to develop similar programs (Bedregal, 2014).…”