Monensin controlled-release capsule administered in late-pregnancy differentially affects rumination patterns, metabolic status, and cheese-making properties of the milk in primiparous and multiparous cows

Abstract

2019) Monensin controlled-release capsule administered in late-pregnancy differentially affects rumination patterns, metabolic status, and cheese-making properties of the milk in primiparous and multiparous cows, ABSTRACTThe increased resistance to disease observed after monensin treatment could reflect a reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress. We hypothesised that if monensin supplementation was given before calving, it would help in controlling inflammation, reduce the susceptibility to disease and increase the performance. Fourteen pregnant heifers (PR) and 24 multiparous cows (ML) were randomly assigned to a treated group (Mon) or a control group (Ctr). The Mon group received 32.4 g of monensin in a controlled-release capsule 21 days before calving (expected release rate, 335 mg/d for 95 days). Their health status, rumination activity, and plasma parameters were monitored from -28 to 56 days from calving. The milk yield (MY), milk composition, and cheese-making properties were also monitored. Rumen samples were collected at 30 days from calving to assess the volatile fatty acids composition and investigate immunological parameters. After calving, the Mon group had fewer clinical diseases, an increased rumination time, and a higher MY. Monensin reduced the infiltration of both T and B cells in rumen fluid. In ML, the Mon group had lower levels of b-hydroxybutyrate in the early postpartum period and a lower level of total reactive oxygen species. Of PR, the Mon group had a tendency for lower levels of nonesterified fatty acids, higher levels of ceruloplasmin after the first month of lactation, a tendency for lower levels of paraoxonase, higher levels of c-glutamyl transferase and higher levels of total reactive oxygen species. Monensin treatment decreased the cheese-making properties in the milk of PR. HIGHLIGHTSMonensin improved the performance of all the animals and decreased the disease incidence in all of them. Monensin heightened the inflammatory and oxidative stress status and reduced the cheesemaking properties in pregnant heifers. Although different effects were seen in cows with different parity, dairy cows generally beneficed of monensin administration. ARTICLE HISTORY

The effect of parity number on the metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative status of dairy sheep during the transition period

“…In particular, the increase at lambing time proved to be less pronounced and less prolonged in MUP ewes than in PRP ewes. These data support the presence of an exacerbated immunity challenge in younger ewes around lambing time, as was observed previously in cattle (Mezzetti et al, 2019).…”

The Transition Period Updated: A Review of the New Insights into the Adaptation of Dairy Cows to the New Lactation

“…These positive effect of monensin on rumen fermentation is reflected by trends of several plasma analytes (i.e reduced BHB and NEFA concentrations and higher plasma glucose) in cows treated with monensin [120,121,123]. A recent study [124,125] found reduced infiltration of T and B leukocytes in the rumen fluid from transition dairy cows that received a controlled-release capsule of monensin 21 days before the expected calving date (expected release rate, 335 mg/d for 95 days). Such an outcome suggests monensin promotes the stabilization of rumen milieu, probably through mitigating pH alterations related to the adaptation of dairy cows to the lactation diet.…”

Determination of the efficacy of monensin capsule (continuous release capsule) on metabolic parameters in transition dairy cows

“…The decrease in non-esterified fatty acids after 2 weeks may be due to the increase in dry matter intake (10,17), and this low level of NEFA may also be associated with a negative energy balance that resulted from increasing metabolic requirements after calving (2,16,32). The observed decreases in plasma NEFA levels in this study might be related to changes in adipose tissue density in response to the administration of a monensin CRC before calving (19,24). Grummer et al (12) reported that the lower NEFA concentration indicates less fat mobilization in these cows.…”

“…In our study, the highest level of urea in cows that received a monensin CRC was found 1 week after calving, and this value was higher than in the other weeks (P ˂ 0.05). The urea concentration in group M was increased 1 week after parturition compared to that in group C. The higher uremia detected in blood suggests that the monensin CRC could have increased the role of amino acids from muscle tissue in covering the energy deficit during a NEB because blood urea is partially derived from the deamination of muscle amino acids after they have been used as gluconeogenic sources (24).…”