Molecularly imprinted polymer film grafted from porous silica for efficient enrichment of steroid hormones in water samples

Abstract

Steroid hormones as endocrine disrupting compounds can interfere with the functioning of hormonal systems of organisms and thus affect the health and reproduction of humans and wildlife. Unfortunately, these types of harmful endocrine disrupting compounds have been found in a variety of environmental samples at very low concentrations. Therefore, a simple, fast, and efficient method for enrichment of water samples is needed. A molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction combined with high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection was developed for the determination of six steroid hormones, such as estrone, 17‐β‐estradiol, estriol, 17‐α‐ethinylestradiol, progesterone, and testosterone in water samples. The recoveries obtained in the proposed method were in the range of 78.7–101.3%. Matrix effect below 20% suggests that the quantitative and qualitative results of the analysis were not significantly affected by the matrix. The results show that molecularly imprinted polymers based on spherical silica gel had the potential to be a highly innovative and selective sorbent. The proposed method was proved to be applicable for molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction in selective and reliable extraction and enrichment of steroid hormones in environmental water samples.

Detection, occurrence, and fate of emerging contaminants in agricultural environments (2020)

“…Enrichment of steroid hormones using molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) films was described by Czarny et al (2019). The authors state that MIP solid‐phase extraction provides advantages over conventional SPE sorbents in efficiency and selectivity.…”

Recent Advances in Solid-Phase Extraction (SPE) Based on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIPs) for Analysis of Hormones

“…The method proved to be suitable for quantification of steroid hormones in water because it had relatively low LODs in the range of 0.0182-0.0898 µg/mL. In addition, high recoveries (79-101%) and low matrix effects (<20%) suggested that the developed MIP-SPE method could be used for selective identification and quantification of the target analytes [91].…”

“…The method proved to be suitable for quantification of steroid hormones in water because it had relatively low LODs in the range of 0.0182-0.0898 µg/mL. In addition, high recoveries (79-101%) and In another study, the MIP-SPE method was coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection (HPLC-PDA) for selective determination of E1, E2, E3, 17-α-EE2, PRO, and TST in water [91]. The method proved to be suitable for quantification of steroid hormones in water because it had relatively low LODs in the range of 0.0182-0.0898 µg/mL.…”

Recent advances and applications of molecularly imprinted polymers in solid‐phase extraction for real sample analysis

“…In addition, the MIP particles synthesized via various surface imprinting techniques, such as surface grafting and coating on substrates, can present fast binding kinetics to target analytes due to the binding sites at/close to the adsorbent surface and consequently also utilized for MISPE [55,56,77–79]. A kind of water compatible ionic‐liquid‐based MIP‐grafted PSD microspheres (Figure 7C) was prepared in water by Zhu et al.…”