Molecular Understanding and Modern Application of Traditional Medicines: Triumphs and Trials

Corson, Timothy W.; Crews, Craig M.

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.08.021

Cited by 547 publications

(394 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Several natural materials used in Chinese medicines, including green tea polyphenols, curcumin and triptolide, have been intensively studied and exhibit antitumor efficacy in preclinical models of various cancer types (11). Some leads are currently in early stage clinical trials for a variety of cancers in combination with other interventions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Celastrol inhibits migration and invasion through blocking the NF-κB pathway in ovarian cancer cells

Wang¹,

Zhai²,

Du³

2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. Metastatic ovarian cancer is a major clinical challenge with poor prognosis and high mortality. Celastrol is a natural compound that has exhibits antiproliferative activity; however, its effects on metastasis-related phenotypes in ovarian cancer models are unclear. In the current study, the anti-invasive activities and associated signaling pathways of celastrol were determined in ovarian cancer cells. Cell proliferation was tested by MTT assay. Cell migration was detected by wound healing and Transwell assays, while cell invasion was detected by a Matrigel-coated Transwell method. In addition, nuclear factor (NF)-κB and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression was examined by western blotting, and MMP-2/-9 activities were determined by gelatin zymography. At sub-toxic concentrations (<0.5 µM), celastrol inhibited migration and invasion in a concentration-dependent manner in SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells. At the molecular level, celastrol blocked the canonical NF-κB pathway by inhibiting IκBα phosphorylation, and preventing IκBα degradation and p65 accumulation. Furthermore, the expression and activity of the NF-κB target protein MMP-9, but not MMP-2, were inhibited by celastrol. Furthermore, celastrol showed no synergistic effect with MG132, an NF-κB inhibitor. In conclusion, celastrol exhibited significant anti-invasive activities in ovarian cancer cells. Such functions may be mediated via NF-κB pathway blockade. The results of this in vitro study strengthen the value of applying celastrol as a potential clinical intervention modality for delaying ovarian cancer metastasis. This, celastrol warrants further preclinical investigation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Celastrol inhibits migration and invasion through blocking the NF-κB pathway in ovarian cancer cells

Wang¹,

Zhai²,

Du³

2017

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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“…The Digo community, for example, use traditional herbal remedies to treat malaria which is a health challenge affecting mostly children, pregnant mothers and the elderly among Kenyan coastal communities. Validation of traditional remedies can be problematic because of the lack of sufficient information, documentation and standardization of extracts (Corson & Crews, 2007). Therefore, Digo community of Msambweni district was chosen in order to assess their efficacy of their commonly used antimalarial plants with the aim of adding to the database of scientifically approved standard antimalarial plant extracts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brine shrimp cytotoxicity and antimalarial activity of plants traditionally used in treatment of malaria in Msambweni district

Mwangi

Wagacha

Nguta

et al. 2014

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context: In Kenya, most people use traditional medicine and medicinal plants to treat many diseases including malaria. To manage malaria, new knowledge and products are needed. Traditional herbal medicine has constituted a good basis for antimalarial lead discovery and drug development. Objectives: To determine in vivo antimalarial activity and brine shrimp toxicity of five medicinal plants traditionally used to treat malaria in Msambweni district, Kenya. Materials and methods: A 0.2 ml saline solution of 100 mg/kg aqueous crude extracts from five different plant parts were administered orally once a day and evaluated for their in vivo chemosuppressive effect using Plasmodium berghei berghei-infected Swiss mice for four consecutive days. Their safety was also determined using Brine shrimp lethality test: Grewia trichocarpa Hochst ex A. Rich Results: Parasitaemia was as follows: A. indica, 3.1%; D. cinerea, 6.3%; T. indica, 25.1%; A. seyal, 27.8%; and G. trichocarpa, 35.8%. In terms of toxicity, A. indica root bark extract had an LC 50 of 285.8 mg/ml and was considered moderately toxic. T. indica stem bark extract and G. trichocarpa root extract had an LC 50 of 516.4 and 545.8 mg/ml, respectively, and were considered to be weakly toxic while A. seyal and D. cinerea root extracts had a LC 50 41000 mg/ml and were, therefore, considered to be non-toxic. Discussion and conclusion: All extracts had antimalarial activity that was not significant compared to chloroquine (p ! 0.05). No extract was toxic to the arthropod invertebrate, Artemia salina L. (Artemiidae) larvae, justifying the continued use of the plant parts to treat malaria.

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“…As pure capsaicin is rather expensive, we tried to use directly the standardized Capsicum tincture or even the crude Capsicum powder as the sources of capsaicin. This is in line with the recent trend in use of standardized botanical therapeutics, such as Polyphenon E (MediGene), a topical antiviral prepared from catechins extracted from green tea (standardized mixture of active ingredients), the first such drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2006 [6]. By this approach, the final cost of the formulation would be significantly reduced.…”

Section: Vesicle-based Delivery Systemmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…Topical capsaicin should be considered as an adjunct to core therapy for knee and hand osteoarthritis according to the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (July 2007) [5]. In addition, the widespread cultivation of Capsicum makes synthesis unnecessary, as large quantities of capsaicin can easily be extracted from readily available peppers [6]. What makes capsaicin unique among the natural irritants is that the initial excitation of sensory neurons is followed by a lasting refractory state, referred to as desensitization, when the previously excited neuron is unresponsive not only to capsaicin but also to diverse, unrelated stimuli.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical Delivery System for Phytochemicals: Capsaicin and Capsicum Tincture

Thapa¹,

Pepić²,

Vanić³

et al. 2014

Journal of Pharmaceutics and Drug Development

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Annex Publishers | www.annexpublishers.com Capsaicin, an active ingredient of Capsicum fruit, is currently undergoing "revival" in the clinical management of pain. However, the choice of its formulation is rather limited to the use of "old-fashioned" tinctures and recently the patches. In an attempt to improve the therapeutic outcome and develop its skin-friendly formulation, we prepared the vesicle-based drug delivery system with capsaicin. Moreover, the use of standardized Capsicum extract, rather than a single active ingredient, is proposed to lead to simplified and more cost-effective formulations. Phospholipid-based vesicles, namely liposomes and ethosomes, were prepared with capsaicin, Capsicum tincture or Capsicum powder and characterized for particle size, entrapment efficiency and stability. The vesicular dispersions were incorporated in the hydrogels to increase the formulation stability, its retention time at the skin and overall acceptability. Both the standardized crude Capsicum powder and Capsicum tincture were successfully employed as sources of capsaicin which is, to the best of our knowledge, reported for the first time. The reported phospholipid-based delivery system for capsaicin could represent an improved topical treatment of arthritic pain.

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Molecular Understanding and Modern Application of Traditional Medicines: Triumphs and Trials

Cited by 547 publications

References 24 publications

Celastrol inhibits migration and invasion through blocking the NF-κB pathway in ovarian cancer cells

Celastrol inhibits migration and invasion through blocking the NF-κB pathway in ovarian cancer cells

Brine shrimp cytotoxicity and antimalarial activity of plants traditionally used in treatment of malaria in Msambweni district

Topical Delivery System for Phytochemicals: Capsaicin and Capsicum Tincture

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