Molecular survey of Blastocystis sp. from humans and associated animals in an Indonesian community with poor hygiene

Yoshikawa, Hideki; Tokoro, Masaharu; Nagamoto, Takehiro; Arayama, Shunsuke; Asih, Puji Budi Setia; Rozi, Ismail Ekoprayitno

doi:10.1016/j.parint.2016.03.010

Cited by 80 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The highly endemic status of Blastocystis sp. in Artiodactyla was also confirmed with a prevalence of 87.1% and 95% observed in cohorts of domestic pigs in Indonesia [57] and Japan [47] respectively. In addition, 76.7% and 46.8% of pigs from commercial intensive piggeries in Australia [30] and Spain [35], together with 45.2% of pigs from a village in rural Cambodia [30], were positive for the parasite.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…In numerous epidemiological studies including artiodactyls, sampling was mainly focused on domestic Bovidae and Suidae living in farms or zoological gardens in close contact with humans and whose feces could easily be collected from a large number of individuals [6,19,23–26,28,30,33,35,36,47,55–57]. Of the 40 samples and 15 species screened in our study from artiodactyls, 21 (52.5%) and 11 (73.3%) respectively were positive for Blastocystis sp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The parasite was also present in 75% to 100% of domestic chickens, ducks, and geese, and commercially farmed ostrich samples collected in Australia [59], and in approximately 95% of chickens reared on 4 Australian farms [60]. The prevalence of the parasite also reached 34% in a cohort of domestic chickens in an Indonesian community [57], and 32.9%, 46.6%, and 23.9% in chickens, ducks and quails respectively, sold at municipal markets in Brazil [61], and 58% and 100% of ostriches screened on European [62] and Malaysian [63] commercial farms respectively. It remains difficult to compare the avian parasite prevalence observed in the present study with that of previous surveys, since they were conducted on different populations of zoo, wild or farmed birds, in various geographical areas and using different detection methods.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this animal group was shown to be frequently infected, primarily by ST1 and ST5, suggesting that pigs are likely to be natural hosts of these Blastocystis sp. STs [24,30,35,57] (Table 3). The potential of pigs to act as zoonotic reservoirs was recently demonstrated by Wang et al [30], who found an unusually high prevalence of ST5 in both pigs and piggery staff in Australia, as well as sequence identity of ST1 and ST5 isolates from pigs and piggery workers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Epidemiology of Blastocystis sp. in Various Animal Groups from Two French Zoos and Evaluation of Potential Zoonotic Risk

et al. 2017

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Blastocystis sp. is a common intestinal parasite infecting humans and a wide range of animals worldwide. It exhibits an extensive genetic diversity and 17 subtypes (STs) have thus far been identified in mammalian and avian hosts. Since several STs are common to humans and animals, it was proposed that a proportion of human infections may result from zoonotic transmission. However, the contribution of each animal source to human infection remains to be clarified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to expand our knowledge of the epidemiology and host specificity of this parasite by performing the largest epidemiological survey ever conducted in animal groups in terms of numbers of species screened. A total of 307 stool samples from 161 mammalian and non-mammalian species in two French zoos were screened by real-time PCR for the presence of Blastocystis sp. Overall, 32.2% of the animal samples and 37.9% of the species tested were shown to be infected with the parasite. A total of 111 animal Blastocystis sp. isolates were subtyped, and 11 of the 17 mammalian and avian STs as well as additional STs previously identified in reptiles and insects were found with a varying prevalence according to animal groups. These data were combined with those obtained from previous surveys to evaluate the potential risk of zoonotic transmission of Blastocystis sp. through the comparison of ST distribution between human and animal hosts. This suggests that non-human primates, artiodactyls and birds may serve as reservoirs for human infection, especially in animal handlers. In contrast, other mammals such as carnivores, and non-mammalian groups including reptiles and insects, do not seem to represent significant sources of Blastocystis sp. infection in humans. In further studies, more intensive sampling and screening of potential new animal hosts will reinforce these statements and expand our understanding of the circulation of Blastocystis sp. in animal and human populations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Epidemiology of Blastocystis sp. in Various Animal Groups from Two French Zoos and Evaluation of Potential Zoonotic Risk

et al. 2017

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“…and Isospora sp. 6 Recent study by Yoshikawa et al,7 in East Nusa Tenggara found the presence of protozoa Blastocystis sp. as much as 87.1%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

A Survey for Zoonotic and Other Gastrointestinal Parasites in Pig in Bali Province, Indonesia

Widisuputri

Suwanti

Plumeriastuti

2020

IJTID

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Pigs have potentially to transmit zoonotic gastrointestinal parasite disease both caused by protozoa and worm. The aim of this study was to identify gastrointestinal parasites that were potentially zoonotic in pigs in the province of Bali. A total of 100 fresh feces samples was collected from several pig farms in Bali, from Badung and Tabanan districts, each consisted of 50 samples. Pig feces samples were examined for the presence of eggs worms, cysts and oocysts for protozoa based on the morphology and size. Identification for protozoa and worms used native, sedimentation and sucrose flotation methods. Parameters measured were sex, feed and cage management. The result showed that the characteristic parameters for pigs in both district were generally female. Cage management for raising pigs mostly used group cage. Feed that provided in both district mostly used bran and concentrate. All of 100 pig feces samples that examined positive for parasites. There were 8 types of gastrointestinal parasites that have been identified. Four types of protozoa found were Entamoeba sp. (99%), Balantidium sp. (79%), Eimeria sp. (78%), Blastocystis sp. (69%) and four types of worms were Ascaris sp. (20%), Trichuris sp. (20%), Strongyloides sp. (19%), and Oesophagostomum sp. (8%). All pigs were infected with two or more parasites. The prevalence of parasitic gastrointestinal infections was different for each district, six genera (Entamoeba sp., Balantidium sp., Blastocystis sp., Eimeria sp., Oesophagostomum sp. and Trichuris sp.) were higher found in Tabanan district and the two genera (Ascaris sp. and Strongyloides sp.) were higher in Badung district. Oesophagostomum sp. was only found to infect pigs in Tabanan district. The conclusion is gastrointestinal parasites that found in pigs at Badung and Tabanan district Bali Province mostly have zoonotic potential.

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Molecular phylogeny of Blastocystis isolates from wild rodents captured in Indonesia and Japan

et al. 2018

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Blastocystis sp. is a common intestinal protist found worldwide in a variety of animals, including humans. Currently, 17 subtypes (STs) of Blastocystis isolates from mammalian and avian host species have been reported based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU rDNA). Among these, human Blastocystis were only identified among STs 1-9. Except ST9, all other STs comprised isolates from humans and other animal species. Entire sequence data of the SSU rDNA of nine Blastocystis isolates from laboratory rats or guinea pigs previously showed ST4, whereas Blastocystis isolates from wild rodents have not been addressed genetically. In this study, Blastocystis infection in wild rodents was surveyed in Indonesia and Japan, and 11 and 12 rodent Blastocystis parasites were obtained from Rattus exulans and R. novercious, respectively. All new Blastocystis isolates from wild rodents were identified as ST4 based on the SSU rDNA sequences. The best tree inferred with the entire sequences of the SSU rDNA of all ST4 isolates including 17 data registered in GenBank clearly showed monophyletic ST4A and ST4B clades. Although ST4 isolates from laboratory rats were separated into these two clades, all Blastocystis isolates from wild rodents in the present study were positioned into the clade ST4A and further separated into two sub-clusters within the clade ST4A according to the location of the host species. Considering the fact that laboratory rats were susceptible to both ST4A and ST4B, separation of the monophyletic sub-clusters of Blastocystis isolates from Indonesian Polynesian rats and Japanese brown rats may indicate the presence of geographical variations rather than a host-specific separation. In either way, the robust host preference to rodent species of ST4 Blastocystis was also confirmed.

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Molecular survey of Blastocystis sp. from humans and associated animals in an Indonesian community with poor hygiene

Cited by 80 publications

References 14 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of Blastocystis sp. in Various Animal Groups from Two French Zoos and Evaluation of Potential Zoonotic Risk

Molecular Epidemiology of Blastocystis sp. in Various Animal Groups from Two French Zoos and Evaluation of Potential Zoonotic Risk

A Survey for Zoonotic and Other Gastrointestinal Parasites in Pig in Bali Province, Indonesia

Molecular phylogeny of Blastocystis isolates from wild rodents captured in Indonesia and Japan

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