Molecular Screening of Trypanosoma spp. in Glossina, Stomoxys and Tabanids in the Moukalaba Doudou National Park (South-West, Gabon)

Mounioko, Franck; Maganga, Gaël Darren; Mavoungou, Jacques François; Koumba, Christophe Roland Zinga; Koumba, Aubin Armel; Sevidzem, Silas Lendzele; Tamesse, Joseph Lebel; Simo, Gustave; M’Batchi, Bertrand

doi:10.12970/2310-0796.2018.06.10

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Tabanus taeniola was the most abundant species in the forest and savanna, likely reflecting the environmental conditions favourable to this species, with similar favourable conditions frequently reported in the collections of other authors in the Afro-geographical zone [ 15 , 18 , 33 , 50 , 54 ]. Further, the highest tabanid mean apparent density was recorded in the Sudan Savanna AEZ, a finding similar to that presented in the 2020 report of the MSEG [ 34 , 55 ], indicating the apparent absence of tsetse flies in this region and the high apparent densities of tabanids.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…The major blood-meal hosts of tabanids are humans, ruminants and wild animals [ 10 , 14 ]. The consequence of their blood-feeding trait is the mechanical transmission of one of the most important cattle diseases in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), namely African animal trypanosomiasis [ 8 , 10 , 15 – 18 ], in addition to the biological transmission of Loa loa filariasis [ 19 , 20 ]. The importance of studying tabanids in relation to the mechanical transmission of pathogenic trypanosomes was emphasised at the 1948 African Conference on Tsetse and Trypanosomiasis in Brazzaville [ 21 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A nationwide survey of the tabanid fauna of Cameroon

et al. 2021

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Background Tabanids are a neglected group of haematophagous dipterans despite containing 4434 species, regrouped in > 144 genera. They are mechanical vectors of important pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and protozoa of humans and domesticated and wild animals. As it is > 50 years since the publication of a preliminary nationwide record of the tabanids of Cameroon identified 84 species, updated information is needed. The aim of this study was to provide current data on the species composition, abundance and distribution of tabanids in the five main agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of Cameroon. Methods From 2015 to 2017, a systematic entomological study using Nzi, Vavoua, Biconical and Sevi traps (n = 106) was conducted in 604 trapping points over 11,448 trap-days in the five main AEZs of Cameroon. Results A total of 25,280 tabanids belonging to 25 species were collected, including eight species not previously documented in Cameroon, namely Tabanus latipes (1 female), Tabanus ricardae (1 female), Tabanus fasciatus (32 females and 6 males), Haematopota pluvialis (18 females), Haematopota decora (19 females and 3 males), Haematopota nigripennis (18 females), Chrysops distinctipennis (47 females and 5 males) and Ancala fasciata (34 females and 7 males). The distribution maps of the newly identified tabanids differed between AEZs, with most tabanids collected from the Guinean savanna. The highest apparent density of tabanids was recorded in the Sudan Savanna region, and the mean apparent densities of species with sites was statistically significantly different (Student t-test: 2.519, df = 24, P = 0.019). The highest species diversity was found in the rainforest. Conclusions This study increased the list of tabanids recorded in Cameroon from 84 species in the preliminary record to 92 species, with most of the newly identified species occurring in the Guinea Savanna AEZ. The high diversity and abundance of tabanids in the livestock/wildlife interface areas of the rain forests and Sudan Savanna AEZs, respectively, suggest risk of mechanical transmission of pathogens. Investigations of the microbiota of tabanids in the different AEZs to define their role as disease vectors are proposed. Graphical abstract

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nationwide survey of the tabanid fauna of Cameroon

et al. 2021

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“…It is known that tsetse-transmitted AAT (TTAAT) extends in SSA over 10 million km 2 . Apart from its cyclical or biological transmission by tsetse flies, AAT can be mechanically transmitted through the infective bites of some dipterids, including Stomoxys and tabanids [ 10 – 13 ]. In the tsetse fly-free belts of tropical Africa, AAT exists in the apparent absence of tsetse flies, with transmission in these areas reported to be due to other dipterous flies and possibly hard-ticks carrying the parasite [ 14 – 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial meta-analysis of the occurrence and distribution of tsetse-transmitted animal trypanosomiasis in Cameroon over the last 30 years

et al. 2022

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In Cameroon, >90% of cattle are considered exposed to African animal trypanosomiasis (AAT) infection, with the presence of tsetse rendering cattle husbandry as a very difficult proposition. A systematic review of data on AAT and tsetse from 1990 to 2021 was conducted to develop a national atlas. The review identified 74 relevant scientific documents, with three pathogenic Trypanosoma species (Trypanosoma vivax, T. congolense and T. brucei s.l.) most frequently identified as causing AAT. Trypanosoma grayi, T. theileri, T. simiae and the human African trypanosomiasis causative agent T. brucei gambiense were also identified in a wide range of hosts. The tsetse fly fauna of Cameroon comprises nine species, with Glossina palpalis palpalis and G. fuscipes fuscipes the most widely distributed following their identification in seven and five of the 10 regions, respectively. Two species, Glossina nigrofusca and G. pallicera pallicera appeared to be rare and were restricted to both forest and protected areas. The presence of AAT is associated with the presence of tsetse in the livestock–human–wildlife interface of Cameroon. AAT occurs beyond the tsetse belts of the country where mechanical vectors are abundant. This study provides AAT and tsetse maps to support ongoing interventions in Cameroon.

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