Molecular Screening of Bartonella Species in Rodents from the Russian Far East

Abstract

A potentially broad-range PCR system for gltA gene amplification has been designed. A nearly full (992 bp) sequence of the gltA gene was amplified in two steps. DNA was extracted from organs (spleen and liver) of four mostly spread species of rodents: Apodemus agrarius and Apodemus peninsulae mice; Clethrionomys rufocanus and Microtus fortis voles. All amplicons have been sequenced. The incidence of Bartonella species in rodents was 73%, 60%, 60%, and 83% for the above-mentioned rodents, respectively. Several genotypes have been identified, including two gltA genotypes close to B. taylorii, four gltA genotypes close to B. grahamii, and one genotype of a potentially new species. Several Bartonella species were found in both mice species, although each vole species harbored a single species of Bartonella. High incidence of Bartonella infection was found in all studied species of small rodents in the Russian Far East. Several amplified genotypes probably belong to local strains of B. taylorii and B. grahamii, and one genotype represents a possible new species.

Bartonella infections in three species of Microtus: prevalence and genetic diversity, vertical transmission and the effect of concurrent Babesia microti infection on its success

“…in autumn (58%) was very similar to that observed in our field voles, although in spring prevalence fell to just over half this level (34%). A similar prevalence was recently found in M. arvalis in Slovakia (61% [21]) but in a related host species from the Russian Far East, Microtus fortis , prevalence of Bartonella was much higher (83% [10]). Overall, most publications report lower prevalence values than those observed here [6, 46–48], but the differences may be the result of the low number of examined voles (5–15 individuals per study) or different season of sampling (most of those studies were conducted in spring-autumn or only in spring).…”

“…[1, 7–11]. Prevalence of Bartonella infections in rodents differs, but may reach 60–70% or even 90% in susceptible host species [10, 12–21]. About 25 rodent-associated Bartonella spp.…”

BartonellaInfection in Rodents and Their Flea Ectoparasites: An Overview

“…References according to continents and countries: Africa, Algeria, Bitam et al 2009;Egypt, Inoue et al 2009;Ethiopia, Meheretu et al 2013;DR Congo and Tanzania, Gundi et al 2012b;Nigeria, Kamani et al 2013;South Africa, Pretorius et al 2004, Brettschneider et al 2012b, Trataris et al 2012Tunisia, Fichet-Calvet et al 2000;Asia, Bangladesh, Bai et al 2007b;Cambodia, Lao PRD, and Thailand, Jiyipong et al 2012;China, Ying et al 2002, Ye et al 2009, Inoue et al 2009, Liu et al 2010Indonesia, Winoto et al 2005;Israel, Harrus et al 2009, Morick et al 2009Japan, Inoue et al 2008, Kabeya et al 2011Lao PDR, Angelakis et al 2009;Nepal, Gundi et al 2010;Taiwan, Lin et al 2008, Hsieh et al 2010, Tsai et al 2010, Chae et al 2008; Russia (Far east), Mediannikov et al 2005; South Korea, Kim et al 2005;Thailand, Castle et al 2004, Bai et al 2009, Saisongkorh et al 2009, Inoue et al 2009; Turkey (Kaman, Kirsehir), Karagöz et al 2013;America, Brazil, Costa et al 2014;Canada, Jardine et al 2005, Jardine et al 2006bPeru, Birtles et al 1999; United States, Kosoy et al 1997, Ellis et al 1999, Bown et al 2002, 2004a…”

Human bartonellosis: seroepidemiological and clinical features with an emphasis on data from Brazil - A review

“…quintana, B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii, B. henselae, B. elizabethae, B. grahamii, B. washoensis, B. koehlerae, and more recently, B. rochalimaea and B. tamiae, among others (Table I) (Regnery et al 1992a, Birtles et al 1995, Ellis et al 1999, Kerkhoff et al 1999, Chang et al 2000, Jacomo et al 2002, Holmberg et al 2003, Kosoy et al 2003 Avidor et al 2004, Castle et al 2004, Jardine et al 2005, Mediannikov et al 2005, Chomel et al 2006a, b, Diederen et al 2007, Li et al 2007, Wikswo et al 2007). Phylogenetic analysis using groEL sequences (groEL is a highly conserved heat-shock chaperonin protein) has distinguished four groups of Bartonellae: (1) (Zeaiter et al 2002).…”