Molecular protocol for authentication of snappers (Lutjanidae-Perciformes) based on multiplex PCR

Development of rapid and cost-effective multiplex PCR assays to differentiate catfish of the genus Brachyplatystoma (Pimelodidae–Siluriformes) sold in Brazil

“…The correct identification of fish species is not a simple task for non-experts, and often requires highly specific and sensitive techniques, especially in the case of processed fish products, which lack diagnostic traits ( Kang, 2019 ; Barbosa et al, 2020 ). Previous studies have shown that the multiplex PCR is a sensitive, accurate, and efficient method for the identification of species ( Veneza et al, 2017 ; Kang, 2019 ; Barbosa et al, 2020 ; Barbosa, Sampaio & Santos, 2021 ).…”

“…This technique involves the combination of different pairs of species-specific primers, which permit the unequivocal discrimination of the target taxa in the same reaction through the amplification of distinct banding patterns, which can be visualized in agarose gel ( Ali et al, 2012 ; Böhme et al, 2019 ). In recent years, several studies have developed multiplex PCR protocols for species identification, and have confirmed their accuracy, sensitivity, and robustness for the identification and authentication of fish samples ( Veneza et al, 2017 ; Kang, 2019 ; Barbosa et al, 2020 ; Barbosa, Sampaio & Santos, 2021 ; Wilwet et al, 2021 ). Among the markers used for the development of multiplex protocols for species identification purposes, mitochondrial DNA markers are known for their advantages such as the large number of copies per sample, the availability of sequences in public databases, as well as genomic regions with intraspecific conservation and interspecific polymorphism, which are necessary characteristics for the development of species-specific primers ( Hebert, Ratnasingham & DeWaard, 2003 ; Kang, 2019 ; Böhme et al, 2019 ).…”

“…While all these methods are extremely efficient for the identification of species and the authentication of fish products, the effective identification of frauds in the food sector, particularly in developing countries, requires rapid, efficient, sensitive, and cost-effective techniques ( Sangthong, Ngernsiri & Sangthong, 2014 ; Castigliego et al, 2015 ; Giusti et al, 2016 ; Veneza et al, 2017 ; Barbosa et al, 2020 ; Barbosa, Sampaio & Santos, 2021 ). One potential solution here is multiplex PCR assay, which does not require any major laboratory infrastructure, and involves only a few procedural steps.…”

Variação e divergência entre Snappers (Lutjaninae – Perciformes) do Atlântico sul ocidental: região controle mitocondrial para diagnose de pressão pesqueira ou novo Barcode para peixes?

“…A necessidade de ser ter diferentes opções de marcador molecular para grupos da ictiofauna de interesse econômico, principalmente se possuir espécies comercializadas na forma processada, é a possibilidade de utilizar o marcador para protocolos forenses de identificação rápida. Como se trata de técnicas de difícil otimização e padronização, que muitas vezes dependem de sítios forenses informativos (Veneza et al, 2017), é extremamente vantajoso possuir várias opções de marcador com perfil código de barras.…”

Application of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) assay to detect fraud by substitution of bovine meat cuts with water buffalo meat in Northern Brazil

“…Food fraud is prevalent worldwide, and recent studies have focused on identifying fraud in meat products (Ahmed et al, 2018;Mousavi et al, 2015;Veneza, da Silva, Sampaio, Schneider, & Gomes, 2017). In Brazil, the adulteration of food products, mainly meat products, has affected consumer confidence and the international market, leading to negative impacts on the Brazilian economy (National Hog Farmer, 2017).…”