Molecular phylogeny of Diplostomum, Tylodelphys, Austrodiplostomum and Paralaria (Digenea: Diplostomidae) necessitates systematic changes and reveals a history of evolutionary host switching events

Unravelling the diversity of the Crassiphialinae (Digenea: Diplostomidae) with molecular phylogeny and descriptions of five new species

“…Diplostomum ardeae Dubois, 1969 and Diplostomum huronense (La Rue, 1927)) across multiple biogeographic realms has been previously demonstrated with DNA sequence data (e.g. Locke et al., 2020 ; Achatz et al, 2021c ). In part, the extremely broad distribution of some Posthodiplostomum spp.…”

Another plea for ‘best practice’ in molecular approaches to trematode systematics: Diplostomum sp. clade Q identified as Diplostomum baeri Dubois, 1937 in Europe

“…However, still a small part of these sequences is based on adult isolates (18 species in total), of which 15 represent identified species, i.e. Diplostomum adamsi Lester & Huizinga, 1977, Diplostomum alarioides Dubois, 1937, Diplostomum alascense Dubois, 1969, Diplostomum ardeae Dubois, 1969, Diplostomum gavium (Guberlet, 1922, Diplostomum huronense (La Rue, 1927), Diplostomum indistinctum (Guberlet, 1923), Diplostomum marshalli Chandler, 1954 andDiplostomum scudderi Olivier, 1941 in North America (Galazzo et al, 2002;Locke et al, 2015;Achatz et al, 2021), Diplostomum lunaschiae Locke, Drago, Núñez, Rangel e Souza & Takemoto, 2020 in South America (Locke et al, 2020) and Diplostomum mergi Dubois, 1932, Diplostomum spathaceum (Rudolphi, 1819, Diplostomum pseudospathaceum Niewiadomska, 1984and Diplostomum rauschi Shigin, 1993in Europe (Pérez-del-Olmo et al, 2014Selbach et al, 2015;Achatz et al, 2021;Schwelm et al, 2021). However, this number is most likely to be changed as Achatz et al (2021) questioned the identification of D. ardeae sensu Locke et al (2015).…”

“…Diplostomum adamsi Lester & Huizinga, 1977, Diplostomum alarioides Dubois, 1937, Diplostomum alascense Dubois, 1969, Diplostomum ardeae Dubois, 1969, Diplostomum gavium (Guberlet, 1922, Diplostomum huronense (La Rue, 1927), Diplostomum indistinctum (Guberlet, 1923), Diplostomum marshalli Chandler, 1954 andDiplostomum scudderi Olivier, 1941 in North America (Galazzo et al, 2002;Locke et al, 2015;Achatz et al, 2021), Diplostomum lunaschiae Locke, Drago, Núñez, Rangel e Souza & Takemoto, 2020 in South America (Locke et al, 2020) and Diplostomum mergi Dubois, 1932, Diplostomum spathaceum (Rudolphi, 1819, Diplostomum pseudospathaceum Niewiadomska, 1984and Diplostomum rauschi Shigin, 1993in Europe (Pérez-del-Olmo et al, 2014Selbach et al, 2015;Achatz et al, 2021;Schwelm et al, 2021). However, this number is most likely to be changed as Achatz et al (2021) questioned the identification of D. ardeae sensu Locke et al (2015). Thanks to recent studies (particularly Achatz et al, 2021) out of these 15 species, specimens of 13 species (D. alarioides, D. alascense, D. ardeae, D. gavium, D. huronense, D. indistinctum, D. lunaschiae, D. marshalli, D. mergi, D. pseudospathaceum, D. rauschi, D. scudderi and D. spathaceum) were obtained from naturally infected bird hosts and connected to the original description (Pérez-del-Olmo et al, 2014;Locke et al, 2015;Heneberg et al, 2020;Achatz et al, 2021) or described as new species (Locke et al, 2020).…”

“…However, this number is most likely to be changed as Achatz et al (2021) questioned the identification of D. ardeae sensu Locke et al (2015). Thanks to recent studies (particularly Achatz et al, 2021) out of these 15 species, specimens of 13 species (D. alarioides, D. alascense, D. ardeae, D. gavium, D. huronense, D. indistinctum, D. lunaschiae, D. marshalli, D. mergi, D. pseudospathaceum, D. rauschi, D. scudderi and D. spathaceum) were obtained from naturally infected bird hosts and connected to the original description (Pérez-del-Olmo et al, 2014;Locke et al, 2015;Heneberg et al, 2020;Achatz et al, 2021) or described as new species (Locke et al, 2020). Still, most of the sequences available in GenBank are based on metacercariae, a stage with least distinguishing characters, and only a small portion of them is linked to voucher material, thus there is no unequivocal identification which would warrant assignment to valid species for many of isolates (Selbach et al, 2015;Hoogendoorn et al, 2020).…”

Infection of Diplostomum spp. in invasive round gobies in the St Lawrence River, Canada

“…Previous molecular work on a limited number of specimens of Diplostomum spp. from gobies in the Great Lakes and St Lawrence River has shown them to be infected with three species -Diplostomum indistinctum, Diplostomum huronense and Diplostomum indistinctum sensu Galazzo, Dayanandan, Marcogliese & McLaughlin (2002) (nomenclature as in Achatz et al, 2021;and see Galazzo et al, 2002;Locke et al, 2010aLocke et al, , 2015Désilets et al, 2013) but their relative abundance was not quantified. In this study, we expand upon those results in greater detail and provide further data from more specimens infecting round gobies in the St Lawrence River to determine the relative abundance of the different species of Diplostomum.…”