Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomy of a New Freshwater Hymenostomatid from Northeastern China, with the Establishment of a New Genus <i>Anteglaucoma</i> gen. n. (Protista, Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea)

Pan, Xuming; Shi, Zihan; Wang, Chundi; Bourland, William A.; Chen, Ying; Song, Weibo

doi:10.1111/jeu.12382

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Anteglaucoma, which was originally isolated from a farmland pond in China, has been reported as a new ciliate genus in the Glaucomidae family, and is recognized by its hectic jerking motion [34]. Anteglaucoma CS11A also has an outstanding athletic ability, possibly affording it a predation advantage [44]. In contrast, a large number of studies have been published over a long time period on the ecological and biological properties of Colpoda, and these support it as a ubiquitous and prosperous genus among known ciliates [45][46][47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wild ciliates differ in susceptibility to Legionella pneumophila JR32

et al. 2021

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We investigated how Legionella pneumophila (Lp) JR32 interacts with Anteglaucoma CS11A and Colpoda E6, two ciliates that we isolated from sewage and sink trap sludge, respectively, using a handmade maze device containing a 96-well crafting plate. Our 18S rDNA-based phylogenetic analysis showed that Anteglaucoma CS11A and Colpoda E6 formed distinct clades. Scanning electron microscopy showed that Anteglaucoma CS11A had a bigger-sized body than Colpoda E6 and, unlike Tetrahymena IB (the reference strain), neither ciliate produced pellets, which are extracellular vacuoles. Fluorescence microscopic observations revealed that although the intake amounts differed, all three ciliates rapidly ingested LpJR32 regardless of the presence or absence of the icm/dot virulence genes, indicating that they all interacted with LpJR32. In co-cultures with Anteglaucoma CS11A, the LpJR32 levels were maintained but fell dramatically when the co-culture contained the LpJR32 icm/dot deletion mutant instead. Anteglaucoma CS11A died within 2 days of co-culture with LpJR32, but survived co-culture with the deletion mutant. In co-cultures with Colpoda E6, LpJR32 levels were maintained but temporarily decreased independently of the virulence gene. Concurrently, the Colpoda E6 ciliates survived by forming cysts, which may enable them to resist harsh environments, and by diminishing the sensitivity of trophozoites to Lp. In the Tetrahymena IB co-cultures with LpJR32 or Δicm/dot, the Lp levels were maintained, albeit with temporal decreases, and the Tetrahymena IB levels were also maintained. We conclude that unlike Tetrahymena IB with pellet production, Anteglaucoma CS11A can be killed by LpJR32 infection, and Colpoda E6 can resist LpJR32 infection through cyst formation and the low sensitivity of trophozoites to Lp. Thus, the two ciliates that we isolated had different susceptibilities to LpJR32 infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wild ciliates differ in susceptibility to Legionella pneumophila JR32

et al. 2021

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“…Recent investigations of this class have demonstrated that it is much more diverse than previously assumed (Chantangsi et al 2013;Liu et al 2016;Pan H. et al 2016;Pan X. et al , 2017Schuster and Bright 2016), which highlights the need to conduct further studies on oligohymenophorean ciliates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Redescription and SSU rDNA-based Phylogeny of Two Freshwater Ciliates, Uronema nigricans and Lembadion lucens (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea), with Discussion on the Taxonomic Status of Uronemita sinensis

Liu¹,

Li²,

Qu³

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The morphology and phylogeny of two poorly known species, Uronema nigricans (Müller, 1786) Florentin, 1901 and Lembadion lucens (Maskell, 1887) Kahl, 1931, were respectively collected from a eutrophic freshwater river in Shenzhen and an oligotrophic lake in Zhanjiang (both in southern China) and investigated using standard taxonomic methods. The sampled population of Uronema nigricans was characterized by a cell size of 30-40 μm × 12-20 μm in vivo, an elongated elliptical outline with a prominent apical plate, and 13-15 somatic kineties. The sampled population of Lembadion lucens was characterized by a cell size of 45-80 μm × 20-50 μm in vivo, 25-35 somatic kineties, five or six caudal kinetosomes with cilia about 20 μm in length, and a single right-positioned contractile vacuole. The small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU rDNA) of these species was sequenced and compared with those of their congeners to reveal nucleotide differences. The phylogenetic trees showed that the Shenzhen population of Uronema nigricans clusters with two other sequences under the name of "Uronema nigricans" (which are possibly misidentified) and then groups with Uronemita sinensis (Pan et al., 2013) Liu et al., 2016 with full support. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that genus Lembadion is monophyletic with full support provided by both Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood algorithms. Based on analyses of morphological and sequence data, Uronemita sinensis may represent a new genus between Uronema and Uronemita.

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