Molecular mechanisms of the effects of olive oil and other dietary lipids on cancer

Escrich, Eduard; Moral, Raquel; Grau, Laura; Costa, Irmgard; Solanas, Montserrat

doi:10.1002/mnfr.200700213

Cited by 125 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…In the absence of such a study, there is still well-documented evidence of the beneficial effects of the diet consistent with an increased understanding of the mechanisms by which components of this diet act in an integrated manner within a matrix of molecules to mitigate risk factors. Recognition of its benefits may well lead to the Mediterranean diet becoming an indispensible part of a healthy lifestyle [78,79].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protective Effect of the Mediterranean Diet: Focus on Cancer and Cardiovascular Risk

Pauwels¹

2011

Med Princ Pract

120

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The lower occurrence of cancer and cardiovascular disease in the population around the Mediterranean basin has been linked to the dietary habits of the region. Indeed, this so-called Mediterranean diet is essentially different from the diets consumed in Western and Northern European countries and is rich in nuts, fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole-wheat bread, fish, and olive oil, with moderate amounts of red wine, which is mainly consumed during meals. Although a variety of cultural and religious traditions exist among the peoples of the Mediterranean area, olive oil, fish, and red wine hold a traditional and central position in the culinary routines of the region. The components of the diet contain an ample source of molecules with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions, among which omega-3 fatty acids, oleic acid, and phenolic compounds hold a prominent place. This review will summarize the results of important epidemiological studies that have investigated the protective effect of fish and olive oil on the risk of breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer and of wine on the risk of cardiovascular disease. The present review also aims to elucidate the various mechanisms by which various dietary components exhibit their beneficial action. In this respect, emphasis will be placed on the properties of omega-3 fatty acids from fish, oleic acid from olive oil, and phenolic compounds from olive oil and red wine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Protective Effect of the Mediterranean Diet: Focus on Cancer and Cardiovascular Risk

Pauwels¹

2011

Med Princ Pract

120

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“…In this regard, it has been repeatedly suggested that the ability of the so-called 'Mediterranean diet' (MD) (i.e., the dietary patterns found in olive-growing areas of the Mediterranean basin) to significantly reduce the risk of several types of human carcinomas including breast cancer (36)(37)(38)(39), can be largely attributed to the unique healthy characteristics of EVOO, an integral ingredient of the traditional MD. Although these findings might suggest that, in the future, the use of supplements derived from EVOO will be a useful strategy for the prevention and/or treatment of cancer, both the specific components and the specific molecular mechanisms that exert EVOO-related anti-carcinogenic effects have not yet been thoroughly elucidated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crude phenolic extracts from extra virgin olive oil circumvent de novo breast cancer resistance to HER1/HER2-targeting drugs by inducing GADD45-sensed cellular stress, G2/M arrest and hyperacetylation of Histone H3

Menéndez¹

2011

Int J Oncol

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Abstract.Characterization of the molecular function of complex phenols naturally present in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) against the HER2-gene amplified JIMT-1 cell line, a unique breast cancer model that inherently exhibits cross-resistance to multiple HER1/2-targeted drugs including trastuzumab, gefitinib, erlotinib and lapatinib, may underscore innovative cancer molecules with novel therapeutic targets because they should efficiently circumvent de novo resistance to HER1/2 inhibitors in order to elicit tumoricidal effects. We identified pivotal signaling pathways associated with the efficacy of crude phenolic extracts (PEs) obtained from 14 monovarietals of Spanish EVOOs. i) MTT-based cell viability and HPLC coupled to time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry assays revealed that anti-cancer activity of EVOO PEs positively correlated with the phenolic index (i.e., total content of phenolics) and with a higher presence of the complex polyphenols secoiridoids instead of lignans. ii) Genome-wide analyses using 44 K Agilent's whole human arrays followed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA)-based screening of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway database revealed a differential modulation of the JIMT-1 transcriptome at the level of the cell cycle and p53 pathways. EVOO PEs differentially impacted the expression status of stress-sensing, G2-M checkpoint-related GADD45 genes and of p53-related CDKN1A, CDKN1C and PMAIP-1 genes. iii) Cell cycle and fluorescence microscopy analyses confirmed that secoiridoid-rich EVOO PE inhibited mitosis to promote G2-M cell cycle arrest. This was accompanied with the appearance of diffuse, even DNA staining with γH2AX and pan-nuclear hyperacetylation of Histone H3 at Lysine 18. iv) Semi-quantitative Signaling Node Multi-Target ELISAs determined that secoiridoid-rich EVOO PE drastically activated the mitogen-activated protein kinases MEK1 and p38 MAPK, a GADD45-related kinase involved in Histone H3 acetylation. Secoiridoids, a family of complex polyphenols characteristic of Oleaceae plants, appear to permit histones to remain in hyperacetylated states and through the resulting alterations in gene regulation to reduce mitotic viability and metabolic competence of breast cancer cells inherently refractory to HER-targeting therapies ab initio. Oleaceae secoiridoids could provide a valuable phytochemical platform for the design of more pharmacologically active secondgeneration phytopharmaceutical anti-breast cancer molecules with a unique mode of action.

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“…Such effects may be due to the main MUFA in olive oil, oleic acid, and to certain minor compounds such as squalene and phenolic compounds [82]. Recent studies have also shown that canola oil, with high MUFA, oleic acid, can decrease colon and breast cancer incidence significantly [83,84].…”

Section: Monounsaturated Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid Metabolism, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cancer

Hu¹,

Zhang²,

Song³

2013

Lipid Metabolism

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Molecular mechanisms of the effects of olive oil and other dietary lipids on cancer

Cited by 125 publications

References 107 publications

The Protective Effect of the Mediterranean Diet: Focus on Cancer and Cardiovascular Risk

The Protective Effect of the Mediterranean Diet: Focus on Cancer and Cardiovascular Risk

Crude phenolic extracts from extra virgin olive oil circumvent de novo breast cancer resistance to HER1/HER2-targeting drugs by inducing GADD45-sensed cellular stress, G2/M arrest and hyperacetylation of Histone H3

Lipid Metabolism, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cancer

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