Lipid Metabolism, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cancer

Hu, Fang; Zhang, Yingtong; Song, Yuanda

doi:10.5772/51821

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 181 publications

(186 reference statements)

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“…It has been suggested that overexpression of fatty acid synthase plays an important role in the tumorigenesis, and that de novo synthesized fatty acids are required for the rapid proliferation of cancer cells. High levels of lipogenic enzymes and related gene expression were observed in several types of cancer cells; this was especially true for ERLIN2 , a lipogenic gene found in breast cancer cells [ 26 , 27 ]. The most significantly increased saturated fatty acids were palmitic (C16:0) and stearic (C18:0) acids, and the most increased unsaturated fatty acid was arachidonic acid (C20:4) in breast cancer tissue, whose level increased with cancer progression [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative metabolic and lipidomic profiling of human breast cancer cells with different metastatic potentials

et al. 2016

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This study conducted comprehensive and comparative metabolic and lipidomic profiling of a human epithelial breast cell line (MCF-10A), a slightly metastatic (MCF-7), and a highly metastatic (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cell line using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and direct infusion mass spectrometry (DI-MS). Among 39 metabolites identified by GC-MS analysis, xanthine, glucose-6-phosphate, mannose-6-phosphate, guanine, and adenine were selected as prognostic markers of breast cancer metastasis. Major metabolic pathways involved in differentiation of the cell lines were alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, purine metabolism and glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism. Among 44 intact lipid species identified by DI-MS analysis, the levels of most phospholipids were higher in both metastatic groups than in normal cells. Specifically, the levels of phosphatidylserine (PS) 18:0/20:4, phosphatidylinositol (PI) 18:0/20:4, and phosphatidylcholine (PC) 18:0/20:4 were markedly higher while those of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) 18:1/18:1 and PI 18:0/18:1 were lower in MDA-MB-231 cells than in MCF-7 cells. A partial-least-squares regression model was developed and validated for predicting the metastatic potential of breast cancer cells. The information obtained in this study will be useful when developing diagnostic tools and for identifying potential therapeutic targets for metastatic breast cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative metabolic and lipidomic profiling of human breast cancer cells with different metastatic potentials

et al. 2016

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“…Merritt et al (70) demonstrated that a higher intake of omega-3 may be protective for ovarian cancer, while a greater consumption of trans-fat was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. However, the clinical effects of n-3 PUFAs does not solely rely on its concentration alone, but most importantly on the ratio of n-3 PUFAs to n-6 PUFAs in the cells (71) . For instance, in a study using a knockout mouse model it was demonstrated that a dietary ratio of omega-6/omega-3 PUFA lower than 5 was effective in suppressing tumour growth, and prolonging animal lifespan (72) .…”

Section: Ovarian Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet, menopause and the risk of ovarian, endometrial and breast cancer

2019

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Menopause, the permanent cessation of the menstrual cycle, marks the end of a woman's reproductive lifespan. In addition to changes in sex hormone levels associated with menopause, its timing is another predictor of future health outcomes such as duration of the presence of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and the risk of hormone-related cancers. With ageing of the population, it is estimated that worldwide 1·2 billion women will be menopausal by the year 2030. Previously the effects of reproductive factors (e.g. parity, age at menarche, pregnancy) and socio-demographic factors on intermediate and long-term health outcomes of menopause have been widely documented. However, little is known about whether diet could have an impact on these. Therefore, we review current evidence on the associations of diet with menopause, presence of VMS and the risk of hormone-related cancers such as ovarian, endometrial and breast cancer. Dietary factors could influence the lifespan of the ovaries and sex-hormones levels, hence the timing of natural menopause. Few studies reported an association between diet, in particular soya consumption, and a reduced risk of VMS. Sustained oestrogen exposure has been associated with a higher risk of hormone-related cancers and thus high-fat and meat diets have been linked with an increased risk of these cancers. However, to better understand the mechanistic pathways involved and to make stronger conclusions for these relationships, further studies investigating the associations of dietary intakes and dietary patterns with menopause, presence of VMS and the risk of hormone-related cancers are required.

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“…Similar results were observed in a previous study ( 11 ) . Considering the fact that obesity is associated with abnormal lipid metabolism ( 31 ) , it is important to formulate methods of counteracting abnormal lipid metabolism, so as to intrinsically control obesity. The previous study additionally demonstrated that dietary Ca and NFDM played a key role in the modulation of lipid metabolism in adipose tissue under energy restriction ( 11 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A combination of probiotics and whey proteins enhances anti-obesity effects of calcium and dairy products during nutritional energy restriction in aP2-agouti transgenic mice

et al. 2015

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Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus paracasei TMC0409, Streptococcus thermophilus TMC1543 and whey proteins were used to prepare fermented milk. For the experiment aP2 -agouti transgenic mice were pre-treated with a high-sucrose/high-fat diet for 6 weeks to induce obesity. The obese mice were fed a diet containing 1·2 % Ca and either non-fat dried milk (NFDM) or probiotic-fermented milk (PFM) with nutritional energy restriction for 6 weeks. The animals were examined after the treatment for changes in body weight, fat pad weight, fatty acid synthase (FAS) activity, lypolysis, the expression levels of genes related to lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity in adipocytes and skeletal muscle and the presence of biomarkers for oxidative and inflammatory stress in plasma. It was found that the PFM diet significantly reduced body weight, fat accumulation, and adipocyte FAS activity, and increased adipocyte lipolysis as compared with the effects of the NFDM diet (P,0·05). The adipose tissue gene expression of 11b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11b-HSD1) was significantly suppressed in mice that were fed PFM as compared with those that were fed NFDM (P,0·05). PFM caused a greater up-regulation of skeletal muscle PPARa, PPARd, uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) and GLUT4 expression and a significant decrease in the plasma concentration of insulin, malondialdehyde, TNF-a, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and C-reactive protein as compared with the effects of NFDM (P, 0·05). Fermentation of milk with selected probiotics and supplementation of milk with whey proteins may thus enhance anti-obesity effects of Ca and dairy products by the suppression of adipose tissue lipogenesis, activation of fat oxidation in skeletal muscle and reduction of oxidative and inflammatory stress.

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Lipid Metabolism, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cancer

Cited by 7 publications

References 181 publications

Comparative metabolic and lipidomic profiling of human breast cancer cells with different metastatic potentials

Comparative metabolic and lipidomic profiling of human breast cancer cells with different metastatic potentials

Diet, menopause and the risk of ovarian, endometrial and breast cancer

A combination of probiotics and whey proteins enhances anti-obesity effects of calcium and dairy products during nutritional energy restriction in aP2-agouti transgenic mice

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