Molecular mechanisms of lipid- and glucose-lowering activities of bergamot flavonoids

Janda, Elżbieta; Lascala, Antonella; Martino, Concetta; Ragusa, S.; Nucera, Saverio; Walker, Ross; Gratteri, Santo; Mollace, Vincenzo

doi:10.1016/j.phanu.2016.05.001

Cited by 40 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The BPF exercises various actions on glycolipid metabolism, including the ability to reduce the hepatic accumulation of triglycerides, the partial inhibition of their synthesis, and the ability to inhibit the action of acyl-CoA cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) (Janda et al 2016). The result is a lower production of apoB-containing lipoproteins.…”

Section: Bergamotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis: The Use of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods

Visioli¹,

Poli²

2019

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

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Nutritional interventions are effective and – in theory – easy to implement primary and secondary prevention strategies that reduce several risk factors of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Yet, because of (a) the severe impact of CVD in terms of mortality, morbidity, quality of life, and economy, (b) the proved role of LDL plasma concentrations as the most critical risk factor, and (c) the obstacles found both in terms of biological effects and compliance of the patient by an exclusively dietary intervention, food supplements or nutraceuticals are now valuable resources for physicians. As regards cholesterol control, several preparations are available in the market, and we will critically review them in this chapter.

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Section: Bergamotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis: The Use of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods

Visioli¹,

Poli²

2019

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

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“…[4][5][6][7][8] This protective mechanism seems to be related to their free radicals scavenging activity, inhibition of enzymes activity (such as aldose reductase, xanthine oxidase, lipoxygenase, and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases [PDEs]), and modulation of protein kinase (e.g., AMP kinase), lipid kinase signaling, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pathways. 9,10 Several in vivo studies had revealed that flavonoids help to reduce body weight gain, food consumption, and fat accumulation. 11,12 In mammals, fat is stored in the adipose tissue, which is made principally of white and brown adipocytes.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…It is well known that selected flavonoids can induce lipolysis in adipose tissue, likely through inhibition of PDEs and antagonism of cyclic adenosine monophosphate degradation. 10 The lipids are stored as single or multiple droplets called lipid droplets (LDs). LDs are cellular specialized organelles that store neutral lipids in all living organisms composed by a core, containing mainly triacylglycerides (TAG) and sterol esters, enclosed by a phospholipid monolayer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Flavonoids Regulate Lipid Droplets Biogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster

Fantin

Garelli

Napoli

et al. 2019

Natural Product Communications

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Lipid droplets (LDs), cytosolic fat storage organelles, are emerging as major regulators of lipid metabolism, trafficking, and signaling in various cells and tissues. LDs are altered in cardiovascular and neuronal disorders, inflammation, obesity, and cancer. Flavonoids comprise different classes of molecules, characterized by a well-known antioxidant activity and a beneficial effect in several diseases. However, the cellular mechanism by which different classes of flavonoids improve health is poorly understood, in particular as far as LDs biogenesis is concerned. Here we used Drosophila melanogaster as a model system to investigate the effects of a selected group of flavonoids on larval tissues by examining LDs biogenesis. In our study, fruit flies were grown in xanthohumol-, isoquercetin-, and genistein-enriched food and larval tissues were analyzed using a LD marker. Total mRNA expression of two main enzymes (minotaur and midway) responsible for triacylglycerides synthesis was evaluated after treatments. Among the flavonoids analyzed, xanthohumol and isoquercetin resulted to be potent regulators of LDs biogenesis in a tissue-specific manner, inducing fat storage decrease in fat bodies and accumulation of LDs in nerves. Since LDs have been suggested to play a protective role against intracellular stress in nonadipocyte cells, our data support the hypothesis that some phytochemicals could act as strong modulators of LDs biogenesis in vivo. The knowledge of how different flavonoids act on lipid metabolism in different tissues can help to manage the use of phytochemicals with the aim of selectively ameliorating specific neuronal and metabolic diseases' manifestations.

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“…The mechanism might have a correlation to the ability of flavonoids which are the main secondary metabolites of EAFML bound to pectin. Flavonoid cooperation with pectin can work at the level of intestine and liver to stimulate fat excretion and reduce fat absorption, which augments the direct activity on enzymes, involved in the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Ethyl Acetate Fraction From Moringa Oleifera Leaves to Improve Lipid Metabolism and Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetes

Hidayati¹,

Sulistyawati²,

Nurani

2018

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: Moringa oleifera is a medicinal plant species that has potential as an antidiabetic. The present study was designed to evaluated molecullar mechanism antidiabetic ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa oleifera leaves (EAFML). Methods:The study was conducted on 30 male wistar rats which were induced with the combination of streptozotocin and nicotinamide by intraperitoneal administration to make a model of type 2 diabetes. After the diabetic induction, all rats were divided into six group and once daily administered orally EAFML in doses standardized quercetine. The treatment was given for ten days, and on the final treatment, all rats were checked their blood glucose level and lipid profile. The skeletal muscles and liver were taken to examine glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) expression by immunohistochemistry. Results:The result of this study shows that the blood glucose level in diabetic rats with the treatment of EAFML decreased significantly from 355.8±83.7 mg/dL to 177.5±89.3 mg/dL. The cholesterol decreased significantly from 105.2±47.4 mg/dL to 58.6±6.9 mg/dL and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in diabetic rats with the treatment of EAFML decreased significantly compared to control group from 175.6±41.9 mg/dL to 95.3±8.0 mg/dL. The expression of GLUT4 in skeletal muscles increased from 0.7±1.0 to 3.9±1.1 and in the liver increased significantly from 1.8±1.3 to 2.9±1.9. Conclusion:The EAFML can decrease blood glucose level, cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein in type 2 diabetic rat model. Other than that, this fraction can improve insulin sensitivity by the increase of GLUT4 expressions.

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Molecular mechanisms of lipid- and glucose-lowering activities of bergamot flavonoids

Cited by 40 publications

References 78 publications

Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis: The Use of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods

Prevention and Treatment of Atherosclerosis: The Use of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods

Flavonoids Regulate Lipid Droplets Biogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster

Regulation of Ethyl Acetate Fraction From Moringa Oleifera Leaves to Improve Lipid Metabolism and Insulin Sensitivity in Type 2 Diabetes

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