Molecular mechanisms influencing efficiency of RNA interference in insects

Cooper, Anastasia M.W.; Silver, Kristopher; Zhang, Jianzhen; Park, Yoonseong; Zhu, Kun Yan

doi:10.1002/ps.5126

Cited by 251 publications

(327 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(166 reference statements)

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“…However, the RNAi efficiency of dsRNA by feeding was less than that of dsRNA by injecting to hemocoel. RNAi efficacy is limited or variable due to double‐stranded ribonucleases (dsRNases), endosomal entrapment, deficient function of the core machinery, and inadequate immune stimulation . In particular, RNAi efficiency varies greatly among lepidopteran insects in which dsRNA degradation in the midgut is the main barrier to achieving effective RNAi by oral administration .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of insulin signaling to control insect pest by using transformed bacteria expressing dsRNA

Baki

Jung

Kim

2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Insulin/insulin‐like growth factor signaling (IIS) is known to mediate larval growth and adult reproduction in the legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Four IIS components (InR, FOXO, Akt, and TOR) play crucial roles in the IIS pathway. RESULTS RNA interference (RNAi) against any of these four IIS component genes was effective in suppressing each target mRNA level by either hemocoelic injection or oral administration using gene‐specific double‐stranded RNAs (dsRNAs). These RNAi treatments interfered with larval growth, leading to small pupae or significant larval mortality. For massive production of dsRNA, transformed bacteria expressing dsRNAs of these four IIS components were prepared with L4440 expression vector and HT115 strain of Escherichia coli. The transformed bacteria killed the larvae in a dose‐dependent manner by feeding administration. An ultra‐sonication pretreatment was performed to impair bacterial membrane and increase dsRNA release from the bacteria in insect intestine. This pretreatment increased the insecticidal activity of these recombinant bacteria. To further increase dsRNA toxicity, its mixture with Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was prepared and showed significant increase of Bt insecticidal activity in the laboratory. The bacterial mixture also showed a high control efficacy (83.3%) in an adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) field infested by M. vitrata. Furthermore, such a dsRNA effect was specific for M. vitrata, but not for non‐target insects. CONCLUSION The bacteria expressing dsRNA specific to IIS components can be used to develop dsRNA insecticide. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration of insulin signaling to control insect pest by using transformed bacteria expressing dsRNA

Baki

Jung

Kim

2019

Pest Management Science

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“…So far no study has been carried out to deliver dsRNA‐expressing bacteria via root irrigation or the trunk injection method. Also, in order to use this method as an alternative pesticide, it would be necessary to take into consideration the possibility of microbial infection to other animals …”

Section: Strategies For Oral Administration Of Dsrna In Insects and Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…glycogen synthase, chitinase ). Other transcripts targeting locomotion, feeding methods, temperature control, growth, and development have also been successful …”

Section: Conclusion and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, RNAi pathways also function endogenously to regulate gene expression and in immune responses against viruses and transposons. Figure illustrates basic differences between different siRNA pathways …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schematic representation of the three RNA interference (RNAi) pathways in insects: the exogenous siRNA (exo‐siRNA), endogenous siRNA (endo‐siRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) pathways …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prospects, challenges and current status of RNAi through insect feeding

Kunte

McGraw

Bell

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

113

134

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RNA interference is a phenomenon in which the introduction of double‐stranded RNA (dsRNA) into cells triggers the degradation of the complementary messenger RNA in a sequence‐specific manner. Suppressing expression of vital genes could lead to insect death, therefore this technology has been considered as a potential strategy for insect pest control. There are three main routes of dsRNA administration into insects: (i) injections to the hemolymph, (ii) topical, and (iii) feeding. In this review, we focus on dsRNA administration through feeding. We summarize novel strategies that have been developed to improve the efficacy of this method, such as the use of nano‐based formulations, engineered microorganisms, and transgenic plants. We also expose the hurdles that have to be overcome in order to use this technique as a reliable pest management method. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Comparative analysis of dsRNA‐induced lncRNAs in three kinds of insect species

Guan

Zhang

et al. 2019

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that have immune responses to various stimuli have been identified in some insects. One type of pathogen-associated molecular pattern, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), can trigger the RNA interference (RNAi) pathway and immune response. Interestingly, there has been no research into characterizing the relationship between lncRNA and dsRNA-induced RNAi pathways.In this study, dsRNA-induced lncRNAs were investigated in two species of lepidopteran insects, Helicoverpa armigera and Plutella xylostella, and one species of coleopteran insects, Tribolium castaneum. Between untreated group and dsRNAinduced group; 3,463 H. armigera, 6,245 P. xylostella, and 3,067 T. castaneum differentially expressed lncRNAs were identified while 156 H. armigera, 247 P. xylostella, 415 T. castaneum lncRNAs and their putative target genes showed consistent changes in gene expression. In T. castaneum, most target genes of the differentially expressed lncRNAs are enriched in the cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathway, ABC transporters, and Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of the transcription signaling pathway.Conversely, in H. armigera and P. xylostella, the differentially expressed lncRNAs were mainly enriched in the metabolic, digestive, and synthetic signaling pathways. This result indicates that dsRNA-induced lncRNA is species-dependent.We also found that both Dicer-2 and the lncRNA that targets Dicer-2 were significantly upregulated after dsRNA treatment in P. xylostella, indicating that some lncRNAs may be involved in the regulation of the core RNAi pathway in insects. Our results are the first to identify a relationship between lncRNAs and dsRNA in various insect species with different RNAi efficiencies. These results provide a reference for future study of the dsRNA-induced RNAi pathway and different RNAi efficiencies among insect species.

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Molecular mechanisms influencing efficiency of RNA interference in insects

Cited by 251 publications

References 59 publications

Alteration of insulin signaling to control insect pest by using transformed bacteria expressing dsRNA

Alteration of insulin signaling to control insect pest by using transformed bacteria expressing dsRNA

Prospects, challenges and current status of RNAi through insect feeding

Comparative analysis of dsRNA‐induced lncRNAs in three kinds of insect species

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