Molecular mechanism involved in the transport of a prodrug dopamine glycosyl conjugate

Dalpiaz, Alessandro; Filosa, Rosanna; Caprariis, P. De; Conte, Giulio Maria; Bortolotti, Fabrizio; Biondi, Carla; Scatturin, Angelo; Prasad, Puttur D.; Pavan, Barbara

doi:10.1016/j.ijpharm.2006.11.051

Cited by 76 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A flow rate of 1 ml min 21 was maintained. DA levels in the sample were calculated from an external standard and expressed as mg DA (mg protein) 21 (Dalpiaz et al, 2007).…”

Section: Determination Of Reduced Glutathione (Gsh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic attributes, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuromodulatory effects of Enterococcus faecium CFR 3003: in vitro and in vivo evidence

Divyashri

Krishna

Muralidhara

et al. 2015

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Accumulating evidence suggests that probiotic bacteria play a vital role in modulating various aspects integral to the health and well-being of humans. In the present study, probiotic attributes and the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuromodulatory potential of Enterococcus faecium CFR 3003 were investigated by employing suitable model systems. E. faecium exhibited robust resistance to gastrointestinal stress conditions as it could withstand acid stress at pH 1.5, 2 and 3. The bacterium also survived at a bile salt concentration of 0.45 %, and better tolerance was observed towards pepsin and trypsin. E. faecium produced lactic acid as a major metabolic product, followed by butyric acid. Lyophilized cell-free supernatant (LCS) of E. faecium exhibited significant antioxidant capacity evaluated against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl, ascorbate autooxidation, oxygen radical absorbance and reducing power. Interestingly, E. faecium, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG MTCC 1408 and LCS showed a significant anti-inflammatory effect by negatively modulating TNF-a production and upregulating IL-10 levels in LPS-stimulated macrophage cell lines. In an in vivo mice model, the propensity of probiotic supplements to modulate endogenous oxidative markers and redox status in brain regions was assessed. Young mice provided with oral supplements (daily for 28 days) of E. faecium and L. rhamnosus exhibited diminished oxidative markers in the brain and enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes with a concomitant increase in c-aminobutyric acid and dopamine levels. Collectively, our findings clearly suggest the propensity of these bacteria to protect against tissue damage mediated through free radicals and inflammatory cytokines. Although the underlying molecular mechanisms need further studies, it is tempting to speculate that probiotics confer a neuroprotective advantage in vivo against oxidative damage-mediated neurodegenerative conditions.

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“…A flow rate of 1 ml min 21 was maintained. DA levels in the sample were calculated from an external standard and expressed as mg DA (mg protein) 21 (Dalpiaz et al, 2007).…”

Section: Determination Of Reduced Glutathione (Gsh)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic attributes, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuromodulatory effects of Enterococcus faecium CFR 3003: in vitro and in vivo evidence

Divyashri

Krishna

Muralidhara

et al. 2015

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…Followed by centrifugation at 2,500×g for 10 min, the supernatant of the homogenization was filtered via tissue sieve and known volume will be injected directly into HPLC column (Discovery C-18, 25 cm×4.6 mm, 5 μm, Supelco Sigma-Aldrich) equipped with ultraviolet detector set at 280 nm. The flow rate of a mobile phase consisting of 0.2 % aqueous trifluoroacetic acid and methanol (70:30 v/v) was maintained flow rate of 1 ml/ min (Dalpiaz et al 2007). …”

Section: Analysis Of Dopamine Concentrations By Hplcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standardized extract of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) markedly offsets rotenone-induced locomotor deficits, oxidative impairments and neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster

Manjunath

Muralidhara

2013

J Food Sci Technol

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Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha, WS) or Indian ginseng possesses multiple pharmacological properties which are mainly attributed to the active constituents, withanolides. Despite its extensive usage as a memory enhancer and a nerve tonic, few attempts have been made to ascertain its usage in the management of Parkinson's disease. In the present study, we investigated the neuroameliorative effects of WS in a rotenone (ROT) model of Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon-K). Initially, we ascertained the ability of WSenriched diet (0-0.05 %) to protect against ROT induced lethality and locomotor phenotype in adult male flies. Further, employing a co-exposure paradigm, we investigated the propensity of WS to offset ROT-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions and neurotoxicity. WS conferred significant protection against ROT-induced lethality, while the survivor flies exhibited improved locomotor phenotype. Biochemical investigations revealed that ROT-induced oxidative stress was significantly diminished by WS enrichment. WS caused significant elevation in the levels of reduced GSH/ non-protein thiols. Furthermore, the altered activity levels of succinate dehydrogenase, MTT, membrane bound enzymes viz., NADH-cytochrome-c reductase and succinatecytochrome-c reductase were markedly restored to normalcy. Interestingly, ROT-induced perturbations in cholinergic function and depletion in dopamine levels were normalized by WS. Taken together these data suggests that the neuromodulatory effect of WS against ROT-induced neurotoxicity is probably mediated via suppression of oxidative stress and its potential to attenuate mitochondrial dysfunctions. Our further studies aim to understand the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms of WS and withanolides employing neuronal cell models.

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“…Followed by centrifugation at 2,500×g for 10 min, the supernatant of the homogenization was filtered and injected into the HPLC column detected at 280 nm with UV detectors. The flow rate of a mobile phase consisting of 0.2% aqueous trifluoroacetic acid and methanol (70:30 v/v) was maintained flow rate of 1 ml/min [18].…”

Section: Analysis Of Dopamine Concentrations By Hplcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myricetin Isolated From Turbinaria Ornata Ameliorates Rotenone Induced Parkinsonism in Drosophila Melanogaster

Vijayraja

Manivasagam

Karuppaiah

2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder which affects the elderly population. Free radicals overproduction, oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation and abnormalities in mitochondria are critical mediators of the neuronal degeneration. In the present study neuroprotective activity of myricetin, a flavonoid isolated from brown seaweed Turbinaria ornata have been investigated in rotenone induced experimental PD models of Drosophila melanogaster. Methods:Male fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) were fed with an effective dose of 0.1% myricetin three hours before to the treatment with 500 µM of Rotenone (LD 50) for seven days and on 8 thResults: Myricetin maintains the positive behavioral patterns against motor impairments due to the rotenone toxicity, it creates a balance in oxidant and antioxidant status, reduces the oxidative stress and inhibits apoptosis to retard neurodegeneration and maintains the dopamine level with a significant (p<0.05) difference compared to the rotenone treated group. day through behavioral analysis the neuroprotective effect of myricetin was investigated for motor coordination in fruit flies. Lipid peroxidation was analyzed by estimating the levels of TBARS. Oxidative stress was determined by estimating the activities of enzymatic antioxidants superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase along with the level of reduced glutathione. Dopamine level was estimated in HPLC column detected at 280 nm with UV detectors and degree of apoptosis was studied apoptotic marker Bcl-2, Bax, caspases-3 and 9, cytochrome c and β-actin expressions in the whole body homogenate of fruit flies of experimental groups homogenized in 500μL of 0.1 M phosphate buffers (ice cold, pH, 7.4) containing 1 mmol EDTA. Conclusion:The flavonoid myricetin by reducing the oxidative stress, maintaining the enzymatic antioxidants status and by inhibiting apoptosis prevents the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons. The dopaminergic neurons prevention reduces the depletion of dopamine and thereby promotes the muscular coordination and psychological well being of fruit flies of experimental group. Further in depth molecular level studies are in need to explore the preventive mechanisms of myricetin in Parkinson's disease.

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Molecular mechanism involved in the transport of a prodrug dopamine glycosyl conjugate

Cited by 76 publications

References 23 publications

Probiotic attributes, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuromodulatory effects of Enterococcus faecium CFR 3003: in vitro and in vivo evidence

Probiotic attributes, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuromodulatory effects of Enterococcus faecium CFR 3003: in vitro and in vivo evidence

Standardized extract of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) markedly offsets rotenone-induced locomotor deficits, oxidative impairments and neurotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster

Myricetin Isolated From Turbinaria Ornata Ameliorates Rotenone Induced Parkinsonism in Drosophila Melanogaster

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