Molecular markers of genes for extreme resistance to potato virus Y in varieties and hybrids Solanum tuberosum L.

Abstract

Potato virus Y (PVY) are among the most harmful viral pathogens that reduce the yield and quality of potatoes. The number of modern varieties resistant to a wide range of PVY strains is very limited, therefore, the selection of potatoes in this direction does not become irrelevant. Molecular markers of the Ry genes are universal tools for identifying new sources of resistance among existing biodiversity of potato genotypes. Since potato varieties and hybrids containing Rysto tend to exhibit cytoplasmic male sterility associated with mitochondrial DNA, the definition of cytoplasmic types is important. In the article, molecular markers of the Ry genes YES3-3A, YES3-3B, RYSC3, Ry186 were used for screening foreign and Russian varieties and hybrids potatoes from the collections of Lorch Potato Research Institute and N.I.Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. Molecular screening and analysis of рedigree revealed that russian varieties and hybrids of potatoes characterized by extreme resistance to PVY were obtained on the basis of foreign varieties Alwara, Arosa, Bison, Bobr, Roko, as well as backcrosses of the Hungarian selection donors of the Rysto gene linked to cytoplasmic male sterility, and forms 128/6 a donor of the Ryadg gene, derived from S. stoloniferum. The marker RYSC3 coupled to Ryadg was found in interspecies hybrids of N.I.Vavilov Institute of Plant Genetic Resources 8-1-2004, 8-3-2004, 8-5-2004, 135-5-2005, 135-3-2005, having the same origin with the participation of S. okadae species K-20921 Hawkes et Hjerting and S. chacoense K-19759 Bitt. The marker Ry186 of the gene Rychc is rare. It is present in 5% of the potato genotypes. Molecular screening revealed samples of potatoes with markers of the Ry genes. They are of particular interest for further breeding. Data on the presence of Ry markers of genes in potato varieties and hybrids, serve as valuable information in the selection of initial forms for hybridization.

Combination Breeding and Marker-Assisted Selection to Develop Late Blight Resistant Potato Cultivars

“…Using MAS technologies as compared to phenotypic assessment of resistance to viruses and nematodes by conventional methods proved the former to effectively identify the valuable potato genotypes in the second tuber generation [5]. This trend has been supported by recent studies of the diversity of Russian potato cultivars and breeding lines using DNA markers of disease and pest resistance genes and cytoplasm types [6][7][8][9]. However, there is currently insufficient information to inform MAS efficiency at the early stages of breeding for pathogen resistance and on the effect of early selection on the manifestation of economically important traits in breeding material in field trial nurseriesA study using DNA markers linked to the resistance genes H1, effective against Globodera rostochiensis, Ry-fsto, effective against potato virus Y and Rpi-phu1 effective against LB in a segregating progeny did not reveal any relationship between the presence of various combinations of these markers and agronomical important traits, such as yield, size and shape of tubers [10].…”

Nomenclatural standards and genetic passports of potato cultivars bred in the A.G. Lorkh All-Russian Research Institute of Potato Farming

“…Данные о геномном полиморфизме, полученные в таких исследованиях, могут быть дополнены результатами молекулярного скрининга с маркерами генов/QTL, вовлеченных в контроль хозяйственно ценных признаков (Gebhardt et al, 2006;Dalamu et al, 2012;Tiwari et al, 2012Tiwari et al, , 2013Ramakrishnan et al, 2015). Методы молекулярного скрининга активно используются и в отечественном картофелеводстве в целях маркер-опосредованной селекции (Biryukova et al, 2015;Saynakova et al, 2018;Gadjiyev et al, 2020), а также для изучения генетического разнообразия (Antonova et al, 2016;Klimenko et al, 2017;2019a;2019b), происхождения и родословных сортов (Gavrilenko et al, 2018;Biryukova et al, 2019). Целью настоящей работы было создание номенклатурных стандартов сортов картофеля, выведенных во ВНИИКХ им.…”

Sanitization of potato varieties from the VIR collection against viruses

“…Известно, что полевые растения постоянно подвержены воздействию экстремальных факторов внешней среды: биотических и абиотических. Большой вред полевым растениям наносят болезни: бактериальные, фитоплазменные, вирусные, вироидные и т. п. Наиболее вредоносными фитопатогенами являются вирусы (Streltsova et al, 2014;Biryukova et al, 2019). Из 40 известных вирусов, поражающих картофель, к наиболее вредоносным относят: Y-вирус картофеля = Potato virus Y (YВК, PVY), вирус скручивания листьев картофеля = Potato leaf roll virus (ВСЛК, PLRV), X-вирус картофеля = Potato virus (XВК, PVX), S-вирус картофеля = Potato virus S (SВК, PVS), M-вирус картофеля = Potato mop-top virus (MВК, PVM), A-вирус картофеля = Potato virus A (AВК, PVA).…”