Molecular investigation of Anaplasma spp. in domestic and wildlife animals in Peninsular Malaysia

Koh, Fui Xian; Panchadcharam, Chandrawathani; Sitam, Frankie Thomas; Tay, Sun Tee

doi:10.1016/j.vprsr.2018.05.006

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In a previous study, Anaplasma strains from dromedary camels in Iran and Tunisia were consistently placed on a divergent cluster from those found in Bacterian camel in China suggesting that (i) the causative agents of anaplasmosis in two species of Camelus dromedarius and Camelus bactrianus are independent from each other, (ii) genetic diversity of Candidatus Anaplasma camelii is not dependent on the geographical area, and (iii) it is related to host species [15]. Our finding of identical lineages in deer and cattle in Malaysia [33] and cattle in Bangladesh [34], suggest that Candidatus Anaplasma camelii is not geographically restricted to the Middle East and North [48][49][50][51][52][53] Africa as well as lack of host specificity. Interestingly most genotypes differing in just one nucleotide were found in cattle, goat or blood-fed mosquitoes in China, but the Candidatus Anaplasma camelii genotype was not found in China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…The lineage detected in the present study is identical to Candidatus Anaplasma camelii isolated from blood and spleen, respectively, of dromedary camels in Saudi Arabia (KF843823-28, [11]), Iran (KX765882 [15]), and Tunisia (KM401906-07 [12]). Moreover, the same lineage was found also in blood of Javanese rusa which is a deer native to the islands of Indonesia and East Timor (Rusa timorensis) (MG910989) and cattle (MG910990) in Malaysia [33], and in cattle in Bangladesh (MF576175 [34]). The 1012 bp section of the 16S differs only in one position from sequences of Anaplasma platys isolated from dogs worldwide.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…We detected a strain of Anaplasma sp. identical to Candidatus Anaplasma camelii isolated from camels, cattle and deer in Asia and Africa [11,12,15,33,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Interestingly most genotypes differing in just one nucleotide were found in cattle, goat or blood-fed mosquitoes in China, but the Candidatus Anaplasma camelii genotype was not found in China. However, the largest diversity of similar genotypes was found in Asia (China, Philippines, Malaysia), and the same is the case with A. platys which differs only by one nucleotide [10,33,34,53,54]. The occurrence of identical genotypes in Iran, Bangladesh and Malaysia might suggest that Candidatus Anaplasma camelii did not originate in camels in the Middle East but in Eastern Asia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Vector-borne bacteria in blood of camels in Iran: New data and literature review

Sazmand

Harl

Eigner

et al. 2019

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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A B S T R A C TDespite close association between camels and humans, molecular based studies on vector-borne pathogens infecting camels are scarce compared to other animals in Iran. The current study was carried out to investigate the occurrence of vector-borne bacteria in the blood of dromedaries by molecular tools. A total of 200 peripheral blood samples were collected from apparently healthy animals. Microscopic examination was performed on Giemsa-stained blood smears, and drops of blood were spotted on Whatman FTA ® cards for molecular analyses. Genomic DNA was extracted from the cards, and PCR amplification followed by sequencing of positive samples was carried out for the detection of Anaplasmataceae, spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsiae, Bartonella spp. and Borrelia spp. Intra-cytic forms of any blood pathogens could not be detected by light microscopy. PCR results revealed 30 animals (15%) to be infected with Anaplasmataceae bacteria. Analyses of sequences revealed a strain of Anaplasma sp. identical to Candidatus Anaplasma camelii isolated from camels, cattle and deer in Asia and Africa. Neither SFG rickettsiae, nor Borrelia or Bartonella species were found. Further studies for determining epidemiological role of camels and its zoonotic potential are recommended. This paper reviews the current knowledge on camels' tickborne bacteria including microscopy, serology and molecular studies.confirmed by DNA sequencing in camels are Candidatus Anaplasma camelii (genetically close to A. platys), A. phagocytophilum and A. ovis [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Clinical signs of natural infections are described as fever, pale and icteric conjunctiva suggestive of anaemia, dullness, anorexia, diarrhoea, loss of appetite, emaciation, coughing, lacrimation, rough hair coat, abortion, and/or infertility [7,19]. Intramuscular administration of oxytetracycline at 20 mg/kg as specific therapy and injectable B-complex, iron, folic acid and hydroxycobalamin as supportive therapy is the recommended therapeutic regimen [7,19]. Infection with and antibodies against several species of Rickettsia [20,21], as well as infection with Bartonella [22] and Borrelia [23,24] have been also documented.According to official estimates, around 183,900 camels live in Iran [25]. Given the growing scientific and public health interest in camels, we investigated the occurrence of selected vector-borne bacteria;https://doi.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…We detected a strain of Anaplasma sp. identical to Candidatus Anaplasma camelii isolated from camels, cattle and deer in Asia and Africa [11,12,15,33,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Vector-borne bacteria in blood of camels in Iran: New data and literature review

Sazmand

Harl

Eigner

et al. 2019

Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

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show abstract

“…The major clinical symptoms of A. bovis infection include fever, anemia, drowsiness, convulsions, weight loss, and enlargement of lymph nodes [30][31][32]. There are several reports of ruminants, raccoons, cats and deer infected with A. bovis worldwide [33][34][35][36], but information about the epidemiology of this agent is scarce in small mammals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-infection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in Hedgehogs from China.

Xiao

Han

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Hedgehogs ( Erinaceus amurensis ) is an insectivorous mammal frequently observed in the wild and around the residential areas. However, information about tick-borne diseases in this species is not well known. We investigated tick-borne rickettsial pathogens including Anaplasma , Ehrlichia, Candidatus . Neoehrlichia and Rickettsia in hedgehogs collected in central China. Hedgehogs were captured from Hubei and Jiangxi Province with living traps. PCR amplification and DNA sequencing showed that 26% (19/73) hedgehogs were positive to Anaplasma bovis, 20.5% (15/73) were positive to a tentative new Ehrlichia species; in addition, 13.7% (10/73) hedgehogs were positive to A. bovis and Ehrlichia simultaneously. Ca . Neoehrlichia and Rickettsia species was not detected among the 73 hedgehogs. We concluded that hedgehogs from central China were widely infected with Anaplasma and Ehrlichia , suggesting hedgehogs may play a role in the ecology of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia .

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Molecular survey of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species in livestock ticks from Kassena-Nankana, Ghana; with a first report of Anaplasma capra and Ehrlichia minasensis

et al. 2023

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Molecular investigation of Anaplasma spp. in domestic and wildlife animals in Peninsular Malaysia

Cited by 27 publications

References 47 publications

Vector-borne bacteria in blood of camels in Iran: New data and literature review

Vector-borne bacteria in blood of camels in Iran: New data and literature review

Co-infection of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in Hedgehogs from China.

Molecular survey of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia species in livestock ticks from Kassena-Nankana, Ghana; with a first report of Anaplasma capra and Ehrlichia minasensis

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