Molecular interactions between wheat and cereal aphid (Sitobion avenae): Analysis of changes to the wheat proteome

Abstract

Aphids are major insect pests of cereal crops, acting as virus vectors as well as causing direct damage. The responses of wheat to infestation by cereal aphid (Sitobion avenae) were investigated in a proteomic analysis. Approximately, 500 protein spots were reproducibly detected in the extracts from leaves of wheat seedlings after extraction and 2-DE. Sixty-seven spots differed significantly between control and infested plants following 24 h of aphid feeding, with 27 and 11 up-regulated, and 8 and 21 down-regulated, in local or systemic tissues, respectively. After 8 days, 80 protein spots differed significantly between control and aphid treatments with 13 and 18 up-regulated and 27 and 22 down-regulated in local or systemic tissues, respectively. As positive controls, plants were treated with salicylic acid or methyl jasmonate; 81 and 37 differentially expressed protein spots, respectively, were identified for these treatments. Approximately, 50% of differentially expressed protein spots were identified by PMF, revealing that the majority of proteins altered by aphid infestation were involved in metabolic processes and photosynthesis. Other proteins identified were involved in signal transduction, stress and defence, antioxidant activity, regulatory processes, and hormone responses. Responses to aphid attack at the proteome level were broadly similar to basal non-specific defence and stress responses in wheat, with evidence of down-regulation of insect-specific defence mechanisms, in agreement with the observed lack of aphid resistance in commercial wheat lines.

Leaf proteome analysis provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of bentazon detoxification in rice

“…Bentazon stress interrupts PET and thus promotes ROS accumulation, as showed by herbicide or other abiotic stimulation [28][29][30][31], which can cause loss of membrane integrity due to lipid peroxidation. In order to maintain homeostasis between oxidant and antioxidant conditions of stress, plants can induce expression of antioxidant enzymes to scavenge ROS.…”

OXI1 kinase plays a key role in resistance of Arabidopsis towards aphids (Myzus persicae)

“…The activation of signalling pathways in response to phloem-feeding aphids alters gene expression, which in turn leads to changes in the molecular composition within the cell. Transcriptional and proteomic analyses have indicated that encoded proteins of these differentially regulated genes function in direct defence, defence signalling, oxidative burst, secondary metabolism, cell maintenance and photosynthesis (Zhu-Salzman et al 2004;Ferry et al 2011;Guan et al 2015). There is also evidence of crosstalk between different plant signalling pathways resulting in plants subjected to abiotic stress being more resistant to biotic stress.…”

Dynamic maize responses to aphid feeding are revealed by a time series of transcriptomic and metabolomic assays

“…Since transcriptional reprogramming underlies many plant defense responses, transcriptomic analyses of responses to aphids and other insect herbivores have been conducted using several plant species (Thompson and Goggin, 2006;Couldridge et al, 2007;Coppola et al, 2013;Appel et al, 2014;HeidelFischer et al, 2014). However, large-scale studies directed at investigating the interactive effects of genomic and metabolomic plant responses to aphid feeding, which are key elements to understanding these complex and dynamic interactions, are relatively uncommon (Ferry et al, 2011;Coppola et al, 2013;Guan et al, 2015).…”