Molecular identification of bacteria on the tongue dorsum of subjects with and without halitosis

Riggio, Marcello P.; Lennon, Alan; Rolph, H. J.; Hodge, Penny; Donaldson, A. A.; Maxwell, Aoife C.; Bagg, J.

doi:10.1111/j.1601-0825.2007.01371.x

Cited by 73 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…PCR and culture method give similar results to a limited extent (55). Further studies are needed to understand the mechanism of VSCs production by the microorganisms identified in halitosis patients (54).…”

Section: Polymerase Chain Reactionmentioning

confidence: 81%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Halitosis: A Review of Current Literature

Çoban¹,

Sönmez²

2017

meandros

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IntroductionMany patients consult a specialist physician regarding halitosis complaints (1,2). Halitosis which originates from latin halitus (breath) and greek suffix osis (pathological process) means bad breath in English (3). The history of sources related to halitosis is based on ancient Greek and Roman periods (4) ladanee (Mediterranean countries), parsley (Italy), carnivorous (Iraq), guava shell (Thailand) and egg shell (China) have been used in ancient times for halitosis treatment. Thus, halitosis emerges as a problem that occurs every century and occurs universally in both gender (5). Nachnani (6) indicates that more than 50% of the general population suffer from halitosis. If there are many sources causing halitosis, it is also due to 90% oral cavity such as tongue coat, poor oral hygiene, food impaction, periodontal disease, ÖzHalitozis terimi nefesten yayılan saldırgan veya nahoş kokuyu tarif eder. Halitozis fizyolojik nedenlerle ortaya çıkabileceği gibi patolojik ve psikolojik nedenlerle de oluşabilir. Bu nedenle halitozisin temelinde yatan faktörler doğru bir şekilde belirlenmeli ve hasta ilgili uzmana yönlendirilmelidir. Yanlış tanı ve tedaviyi önlemek için interdisipliner yaklaşımların halitozis için önemini vurgulamak gerekmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı halitozisin etiyolojisi, prevelansı, ölçüm metodları ve tedavisi hakkında bilgi vermektir.Halitosis is a term defining disagreeable or offensive odour spread from the breath. Halitosis may occur due to physiological reasons as well as pathological and psychological factor. Because of that, underlying factors of halitosis should correctly be diagnosed and the patient should be directed to the related physician. It is significant to highlight the necessity of an interdisciplinary method for the treatment of halitosis to prevent misdiagnosis or unnecessary treatment. The aim of this review is to report information about the etiology, prevalence, measurement methods and treatment of halitosis.

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Section: Polymerase Chain Reactionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Veillonella and Prevotella species can be detected both by culture method and by molecular technique. But Fusobacterium is determined by the molecular method (54). PCR and culture method give similar results to a limited extent (55).…”

Section: Polymerase Chain Reactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halitosis: A Review of Current Literature

Çoban¹,

Sönmez²

2017

meandros

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“…More recently, the use of culture-independent methods has played a key role in the discovery of previously unrecognized species in the oral cavity as well as in redefining the pathogenesis of major oral infections (2)(3)(4). The outcome of these studies indicates that major oral infections are polymicrobial (5,6). Using culture-independent molecular methods, nearly 500 bacterial strains have been recovered from the subgingival crevice, a particularly well-studied microbial niche (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Bacterial diversity of subgingival plaque in 6 healthy Chinese individuals

Zhang¹,

Tian²,

Huang³

et al. 2011

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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Abstract. The subgingival microbial ecology is complex, and little is known regarding its bacteria species composition in healthy Chinese individuals. This study aimed to identify the subgingival microbiota from 6 healthy Chinese subjects. Subgingival samples from 6 volunteers were collected, the 16S rRNA gene was amplified using broad-range bacterial primers, and clone libraries were constructed. For the initial 2,439 sequences analyzed, 383 species-level operational taxonomic units (SLOTUs) belonging to seven phyla were identified, estimated as 51% [95% confidence interval (CI) 44-55] of the SLOTUs in this ecosystem. Most (85%) of the bacterial sequences, falling into 228 types of species, corresponded to known and cultivated species. However, 146 (6%) sequences, comprising 104 phylotypes, had <97% similarity to prior database sequences. Ten bacterial genera were conserved among all 6 individuals, comprising 2,000 (82%) of the 2,439 clones analyzed. Ten species were noted in all of the 6 subjects, comprising 1,435 (58.8%) of the 2,439 clones. Streptococcus infantis was the species most frequently cloned. Furthermore, certain species which may participate in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease were present in the 6 subjects. Although the initial subgingival plaque community of each subject was unique in terms of diversity and composition, 10 common key species were found in the 6 Chinese individuals. These ten species of bacteria in the human subgingival plaque in the 6 healthy individuals may be key species which, to some extent, affect periodontal health. Destruction of these key species in subgingival bacteria may break the microbiota balance and may easily lead to over-breeding conditions resulting in pathogenic oral disease.

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“…[31,32]. A recent study looking into the unculturable microbiota of the tongue has also identified the above genera, along with a Lysobacter-type species as the predominant organism found on the tongue [33].…”

Section: Saliva Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Osteopontin Reduces Biofi lm Formation in a Multi-Species Model of Dental Biofi lm

2014

Biofilm Control and Antimicrobial Agents

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In vitro assessment of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) extract for its antigingivitis activity Ciric, L.; Tymon, A.; Zaura, E.; Lingström, P.; Stauder, M.; Papetti, A.; Signoretto, C.; Pratten, J.; Wilson, M.; Spratt, D. Published in:Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology DOI:10.1155/2011/507908 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA):Ciric, L., Tymon, A., Zaura, E., Lingström, P., Stauder, M., Papetti, A., ... Spratt, D. (2011). In vitro assessment of shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes) extract for its antigingivitis activity. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, [507908]. DOI: 10.1155/2011/507908 General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Gingivitis is a preventable disease characterised by inflammation of the gums due to the buildup of a microbial biofilm at the gingival margin. It is implicated as a precursor to periodontitis, a much more serious problem which includes associated bone loss. Unfortunately, due to poor oral hygiene among the general population, gingivitis is prevalent and results in high treatment costs. Consequently, the option of treating gingivitis using functional foods, which promote oral health, is an attractive one. Medicinal mushrooms, including shiitake, have long been known for their immune system boosting as well as antimicrobial effects; however, they have not been employed in the treatment of oral disease. In the current study, the effectiveness of shiitake mushroom extract was compared to that of the active component in the leading gingivitis mouthwash, containing chlorhexidine, in an artificial mouth model (constant depth film fermenter). The total bacterial numbers as well as numbers of eight key taxa in the oral community were investigated over time using multiplex qPCR. The results indicated that shiitake mushroom extract lowered the numbers of some pathogenic taxa without affecting the taxa associated with health, unlike chlorhexidine which has a limited effect on all taxa.

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Molecular identification of bacteria on the tongue dorsum of subjects with and without halitosis

Abstract: The microflora associated with the tongue dorsum is complex in both the control and halitosis groups, but several key species predominate in both groups.

Cited by 73 publications

References 37 publications

Halitosis: A Review of Current Literature

Halitosis: A Review of Current Literature

Bacterial diversity of subgingival plaque in 6 healthy Chinese individuals

Osteopontin Reduces Biofi lm Formation in a Multi-Species Model of Dental Biofi lm

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