Molecular Identification, Genotyping, Phenotyping, and Antifungal Susceptibilities of Medically Important Trichosporon, Apiotrichum, and Cutaneotrichosporon Species

Santo, Elaine Patrícia Tavares do Espirito; Monteiro, Ruan Campos; Costa, Ana Roberta Fusco da; Silva, Sílvia Helena Marques da

doi:10.1007/s11046-019-00407-x

Cited by 14 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Cutaneotrichosporon debeurmannianum is a rarely isolated yeast from human blood and urine samples, with clinical samples coming from patients that were diagnosed with septicemia and urinary tract infections. The pathogenic potential and epidemiological relevance of this yeast remains to be seen (do Espírito Santo et al, 2020). In this study, the reduced abundance of Cutaneotrichosporon in group T3 did lead to an increase in total feed and starter intake than that of the control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

“…Probiotics are defined as "living organisms that bring health benefits to the host at an appropriate dose" (Hill et al, 2014). Multispecies probiotics (MSPs) were more effective than single-strain probiotics, especially in treating antibiotic-associated diarrhea in children (Ki et al, 2012;Łukasik and Szajewska, 2018), improving animal growth performance (Renaud et al, 2019), resisting bacterial infection (Perdigon et al, 1990;Avila et al, 1995;Lema et al, 2001;Woof and Kerr, 2006;Ehrenstein and Notley, 2010;Collumbien et al, 2012;Crassini et al, 2018), weight gain after stimulation post-enteritis (Renaud et al, 2019), and improving intestinal microbiota (Cruywagen et al, 1996;Chen et al, 2015;He et al, 2017;Hod et al, 2018;Biagioli et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of a Multispecies Probiotic Mixture on the Growth and Incidence of Diarrhea, Immune Function, and Fecal Microbiota of Pre-weaning Dairy Calves

Wang

Luo³

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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The effects of different doses of a multispecies probiotic (MSP) mixture on growth performance, the incidence of diarrhea rate and immune function, and fecal microbial diversity and structure were evaluated in pre-weaning Holstein dairy calves at WK2, WK4, WK6, and WK8. Forty Chinese Holstein female newborn calves were randomly assigned to four treatments with 10 calves in each group, C (control group), T1 (0.5 g MSP/calf/day, T2 (1 g MSP/calf/day), and T3 (2 g MSP/calf/day) groups. The experimental period was 56 days. Feed intake and health scoring were recorded every day until the end of the experiment. Fecal contents and blood samples were sampled at WK2, WK4, WK6, and WK8. Growth performance, incidence of diarrhea, and total serum concentrations (IgA, IgG, and IgM) were analyzed. Bacterial 16S rRNA and fungal ITS genes were high-throughput sequenced for fecal microbiota. The relationships among the populations of the principal fecal microbiota at WK2 and the growth performance or serum immunoglobulin concentrations were analyzed using Pearson’s rank correlation coefficients. The MSP supplementation reduced the incidence of diarrhea in the first 4 weeks of life, and serum IgA, IgG, and IgM concentrations increased between WK2 and WK8 in the T3 group. There was an increase in growth performance and reduction in the incidence of diarrhea until WK4 after birth in T3 group, compared with the control, T1, and T2 groups. The results of fecal microbiota analysis showed that Firmicutes and Bacteroides were the predominant phyla, with Blautia, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, norank_f__Muribaculaceae, Bacteroides, Subdoligranulum, and Bifidobacterium being the dominant genera in calf feces. Aspergillus, Thermomyces, and Saccharomyces were the predominant fungal phyla. Compared with the control, in T1 and T2 groups, the MSP supplementation reduced the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Collinsella, and Saccharomyces at WK2 in group T3. Thus, the fecal microbial composition and diversity was significantly affected by the MSP mixture during the first 2 weeks of the calves’ life. MSP mixtures reduced the incidence of diarrhea in pre-weaning calves (during the first 4 weeks of life). There was a significant improvement in growth performance, reduction in calf diarrhea, balance in the fecal microbiota, and an overall improvement in serum immunity, compared with the control group. We, therefore, recommend adding 2 g/day of multispecies probiotic mixture supplementation in diets of dairy calves during their first 4 weeks of life before weaning.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Multispecies Probiotic Mixture on the Growth and Incidence of Diarrhea, Immune Function, and Fecal Microbiota of Pre-weaning Dairy Calves

Wang

Luo³

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…Both in vitro drug susceptibility methods show that amphotericin B had good activity against T. japonicum ( Table 1 ). At the same time, we summarized the clinically reported drug resistance trends of T. japonicum [ 3–6 , 8 , 9 ]. The results in Table 1 show that 10 cases reported in the literature were sensitive to triazoles and resistant to echinocandins, and the reactivity of amphotericin B was uncertain.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Fluconazole-Resistant Trichosporon japonicum in 2 Kidney Transplant Patients and Analysis of Their Homology

Huang

Chen

et al. 2020

Open Forum Infectious Diseases

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Trichosporon spp. are emerging opportunistic agents that cause systemic diseases and life-threatening disseminated disease in immunocompromised hosts. Trichosporon japonicum is a highly rare cause of invasive trichosporonosis. In this study, we described two cases of urinary tract infection caused by Trichosporon japonicum in kidney transplant patients. Culturing of urine samples yielded bluish green colonies of T. japonicum on Candida chromogenic fungal medium. The isolates were identified as T. japonicum by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI TOF-MS, Autof MS 1000). The identification of T. japonicum was further confirmed by 18S rRNA gene sequencing. In vitro drug susceptibility testing showed that the two strains of T. japonicum were resistant to 5-flucytosine, fluconazole and caspofungin with dose-dependent sensitivity to itraconazole and voriconazole but sensitivity to amphotericin B. The homology of the two T. japonicum strains, as determined by cluster analysis and principal component analysis of MALDI-TOF MS, was approximately 85%, suggesting a common nosocomial origin. The first two case reports of fluconazole-resistant T. japonicum urinary infection in kidney transplant recipients are presented.

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“…37 A recent study by do Espírito Santo et al from Brazil identified 3 genotypes among the 12 T. asahii isolates, genotype 1 (41.7%), genotype 3 (33.3%), and genotype 5 (25%). 32 A study by Rastogi et al in India on 20 T. asahii isolates recognized genotype III as the most common type, followed by genotype I and VII. 41 Hence, we can see the influence of different geographical locations in the prevalence and predominance of a particular genotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strain Typing of Trichosporon asahii Clinical Isolates by Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis

et al. 2021

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Objective The aim of this study was to identify and isolate Trichosporon asahii (T. asahii) from clinical samples and to assess the genetic relatedness of the most frequently isolated strains of T. asahii using random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers GAC-1 and M13. Methods All the clinical samples that grew Trichosporon species, identified and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using Trichosporon genus-specific primers, were considered for the study. Confirmation of the species T. asahii was carried out by T. asahii-specific PCR. Fingerprinting of the most frequently isolated T. asahii isolates was carried out by RAPD using random primers GAC-1 and M13. Results Among the 72 clinical isolates of Trichosporon sp. confirmed by Trichosporon-specific PCR, 65 were found to be T. asahii as identified by T. asahii-specific PCR. Fingerprinting of the 65 isolates confirmed as T. asahii using GAC-1 RAPD primer yielded 11 different patterns, whereas that of M13 primer produced only 5 patterns. The pattern I was found to be the most predominant type (29.2%) followed by pattern III (16.9%) by GAC-1 primer. Conclusions This study being the first of its kind in India on strain typing of T. asahii isolates by adopting RAPD analysis throws light on genetic diversity among the T. asahii isolates from clinical samples. Fingerprinting by RAPD primer GAC-1 identified more heterogeneity among the T. asahii isolates than M13.

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Molecular Identification, Genotyping, Phenotyping, and Antifungal Susceptibilities of Medically Important Trichosporon, Apiotrichum, and Cutaneotrichosporon Species

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

Effect of a Multispecies Probiotic Mixture on the Growth and Incidence of Diarrhea, Immune Function, and Fecal Microbiota of Pre-weaning Dairy Calves

Effect of a Multispecies Probiotic Mixture on the Growth and Incidence of Diarrhea, Immune Function, and Fecal Microbiota of Pre-weaning Dairy Calves

Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Fluconazole-Resistant Trichosporon japonicum in 2 Kidney Transplant Patients and Analysis of Their Homology

Strain Typing of Trichosporon asahii Clinical Isolates by Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Analysis

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