Molecular Genetics, Genomics, and Biotechnology in Crop Plant Breeding

Rasmussen, Søren K.

doi:10.3390/agronomy10030439

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…The innovation of NGS technology has opened new ways to decipher the genome complexity for the improvement of crops [34,35]. Furthermore, genome-wide molecular tools (several molecular markers, high-density genetic maps, genotyping strategies, etc.)…”

Section: Development Of Genomic Technologies and Role In Plant Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Plant Breeding Techniques Shake Hands with Cereals to Increase Production

Haroon

Wang

Afzal

et al. 2022

Plants

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Cereals are the main source of human food on our planet. The ever-increasing food demand, continuously changing environment, and diseases of cereal crops have made adequate production a challenging task for feeding the ever-increasing population. Plant breeders are striving their hardest to increase production by manipulating conventional breeding methods based on the biology of plants, either self-pollinating or cross-pollinating. However, traditional approaches take a decade, space, and inputs in order to make crosses and release improved varieties. Recent advancements in genome editing tools (GETs) have increased the possibility of precise and rapid genome editing. New GETs such as CRISPR/Cas9, CRISPR/Cpf1, prime editing, base editing, dCas9 epigenetic modification, and several other transgene-free genome editing approaches are available to fill the lacuna of selection cycles and limited genetic diversity. Over the last few years, these technologies have led to revolutionary developments and researchers have quickly attained remarkable achievements. However, GETs are associated with various bottlenecks that prevent the scaling development of new varieties that can be dealt with by integrating the GETs with the improved conventional breeding methods such as speed breeding, which would take plant breeding to the next level. In this review, we have summarized all these traditional, molecular, and integrated approaches to speed up the breeding procedure of cereals.

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Section: Development Of Genomic Technologies and Role In Plant Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Plant Breeding Techniques Shake Hands with Cereals to Increase Production

Haroon

Wang

Afzal

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…With the innovation of NGS technology, IT has opened new ways to decipher the genome complexity for the improvement of crops 25 27 ' 28 2929282929293029.…”

Section: Molecular Breeding Approaches and Its Role In Plant Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conventional Breeding, Molecular Breeding and Speed Breeding; Brave Approaches to Revamp the Production of Cereal Crops

Haroon¹,

Mm²,

Farooq³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Conventional plant breeding methods exploit already existing genomic variation in plants to develop a variety in 8 to 10 years, which can decrease the genetic variability of the plant’s genome. The ever-increasing food demand for cereals crops cannot be met by traditional breeding methods. In order to increase food production in less time, there is a dire need to improve breeding methods. Several conventional and molecular breeding methods are being used to improve the crops traits. Molecular researchers have developed new genome editing tools like CRISPR/Cas9, CRISPR/Cpf1, prime editing, base editing, dcas9 epigenetic modification, and several other transgene-free genomes editing approaches. These genome editing tools can improve the desired traits precisely and efficiently. Moreover, a newly developed breeding method “Speed Breeding” has revolutionized the agriculture by shortening the crop cycle. It can produce 5-6 generations of cereals in a year. In this review, we have summarized all these conventional and molecular breeding approaches to improve cereal crops.

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“…These include PCR/RFLP, SSP (species-specific PCR), SSCP and DGGE, DNA barcoding, qPCR (quantitative PCR), Shotgun barcoding, T-RFLP, POA (phylogenetic oligonucleotide microArray). In summary, a diverse set of molecular markers techniques have been developed over the last 40 years and used with success for breeding a number of major crops (Rasmussen 2020).…”

Section: Dna Markersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Biotechnology for Characterization of Plants and Pests as the Key Components of Plant Protection and Production Strategies: A Review

Alemu

2020

Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol

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The second Sustainable Developmental Goals (SDG), among the seventeen SDG, is concerned with the pursuit of global food security and agricultural sustainability, which become the key to the success of the entire SDG. Whereas agricultural production and productivity are heavily threatened by the incidence of pests that inflict huge losses in various forms. This calls for prompt applications of biotechnology for the fast, accurate and reliable means for characterization of plant generic resources and pests as it is the pre-requisite and gateway for designing appropriate plant protection and production strategies. It is imperative that pests be identified properly so that judicious use of the literature can be made and sustainable management strategies can be implemented at the right stage. To this end, the application of biotechnology has made significant advances for reliable characterization of plant genetic resources as well as accurate diagnosis of pests, study of their genetic diversity and variability, detailed mechanisms of their transmission and evolutionary relationships. Accordingly, this review article covers the comprehensive account of the various molecular techniques, genome mapping and OMICS sciences utilized for characterization plants and pests that ultimately allow the detailed study of the biology and epidemiology of pests at any stage of their life cycle. The resulting data are eventually employed for enhancing successful implementation of sustainable plant protection and production strategies. In conclusion, the increasing projections of transboundary pests, environmental and abiotic factors together with the continuous scientific advancements and breakthroughs have made biotechnology to be an important engine of bioeconomy for generating invaluable products, processes and services. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(3): 247-288

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Molecular Genetics, Genomics, and Biotechnology in Crop Plant Breeding

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Novel Plant Breeding Techniques Shake Hands with Cereals to Increase Production

Novel Plant Breeding Techniques Shake Hands with Cereals to Increase Production

Conventional Breeding, Molecular Breeding and Speed Breeding; Brave Approaches to Revamp the Production of Cereal Crops

Applications of Biotechnology for Characterization of Plants and Pests as the Key Components of Plant Protection and Production Strategies: A Review

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