Molecular evidence of hybridisation between the endemic Phoenix canariensis and the widespread P. dactylifera with Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers

González‐Pérez, M. A.; Caujapé‐Castells, Juli; Sosa, Pedro A.

doi:10.1007/s00606-004-0166-7

Cited by 43 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…It is most abundant in La Gomera and Gran Canaria islands, but it can be found across the entire archipelago. Besides fragmentation, P. canariensis is affected by several factors of disturbance such as several pests (like the weevils Rhynchophorus ferrugineus and Diocalandra frumenti), infections (especially that caused by the fungus Fusarium oxysporum) and hybridization with the allochthonous congener Phoenix dactylifera, massively introduced into the Canarian archipelago and with which it forms fertile hybrids (González-Pérez et al, 2004). Nowadays, the Canarian palm groves are catalogued as priority habitats of European Union Natura 2000 network of protection areas, and the Canarian Government has designated the species as vegetal symbol of the archipelago.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of pollen dispersal in a small population of the Canarian endemic palm (Phoenix canariensis)

et al. 2014

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The genetic diversity of small populations is greatly influenced by local dispersal patterns and genetic connectivity among populations, with pollen dispersal being the major component of gene flow in many plants species. Patterns of pollen dispersal, mating system parameters and spatial genetic structure were investigated in a small isolated population of the emblematic palm Phoenix canariensis in Gran Canaria island (Canary Islands). All adult palms present in the study population (n ¼ 182), as well as 616 seeds collected from 22 female palms, were mapped and genotyped at 8 microsatellite loci. Mating system analysis revealed an average of 5.8 effective pollen donors (N ep ) per female. There was strong variation in correlated paternity rates across maternal progenies (ranging from null to 0.9) that could not be explained by the location and density of local males around focal females. Paternity analysis revealed a mean effective pollen dispersal distance of B71 m, with B70% of effective pollen originating from a distance of o75 m, and 90% from o200 m. A spatially explicit mating model indicated a leptokurtic pollen dispersal kernel, significant pollen immigration (12%) from external palm groves and a directional pollen dispersal pattern that seems consistent with local altitudinal air movement. No evidence of inbreeding or genetic diversity erosion was found, but spatial genetic structure was detected in the small palm population. Overall, the results suggest substantial pollen dispersal over the studied population, genetic connectivity among different palm groves and some resilience to neutral genetic erosion and subsequently to fragmentation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of pollen dispersal in a small population of the Canarian endemic palm (Phoenix canariensis)

et al. 2014

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“…The RAPD markers have been used (Gonzalez-Perez et al, 2004) in a unique study and presented genetic evidence of hybridization between seven populations of the endemic Phoenix canariensis and the widespread P. dactylifera. The study assessed the impact of this 'gene flow' on both species in the Canary Islands and concluded that the hybridization between both species would pose clear threats to the survival of the endemic species (P. canariensis), whereby some of the trees that had been characterized as P. canariensis on the basis of tree morphological traits, were actually hybrids when assessed using RAPD analysis (Figure 2).…”

Section: Random Amplified Polymorphic Dnas (Rapds)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and assessment of date palm genetic diversity studies

Jaradat

2014

Emir. J. Food Agric

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A thorough assessment of genetic diversity and population differentiation of Phoenix dactylifera are critical for its dynamic conservation and sustainable utilization of its genetic diversity. Estimates of genetic diversity based on phenotypic, biochemical and molecular markers; and fruit quality traits were utilized in assessing the population differentiation of date palm populations throughout its center of diversity. Some phenotypic traits may not exhibit variation in response to environmental or management factors and can be used as stable descriptors of date palm cultivars and for cultivar identification. The majority of analyzed studies based on isozyme and microsatellite markers, reported larger within-population than among-population genetic diversity levels. Most variation estimated for fruit quality traits was found among populations; however, substantial differences in genetic diversity components were found among and within populations. The overall partitioning of genetic diversity, based on phenotypic, biochemical, molecular, and fruit quality traits suggested that date palm cultivars represent a complex gene pool within which historical movement of germplasm, recent introductions and human selection are shaping their genetic structure. The empirical evidence derived from this assessment suggested that the genetic structure of date palm populations is controlled by the environment, isolation by distance, and the biological characteristics of the tree.

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“…The characterization of hybrids is also important to implement appropriate conservation programs. For example, as previously noted, the endemic Phoenix canariensis of the Canary Islands is a threatened species and there is a need to differentiate pure and introgressed individuals in order to target for conservation pure plant while eliminating introgressed ones (González-Pérez et al, 2004a).…”

Section: Detection and Characterization Of Hybridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, the criteria listed above are subjective and hybrids of several generations must be even harder to distinguish by morphology alone. Moreover, the variability is important within species, especially in P. dactylifera thus differentiating hybrids from ecotypes of a pure specimen based on morphology alone is challenging (González-Pérez et al, 2004a). The characterization using genetic markers of cryptic hybrids P. canariensis x P. dactylifera in the Canary Islands, while they were morphologically described as pure P. canariensis, illustrate the difficulty of differentiating hybrids using morphology alone.…”

Section: Morphological and Morphometric Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, González-Pérez et al (2004b) tried to identify Phoenix dactylifera x P. canariensis hybrids in the Canary Islands using allozymes but it appears unsuitable as both pure species have the same profile. Using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and isozymes, P. canariensis and P. dactylifera appear to have different profiles and hybrids were detectable (González-Pérez et al, 2004a;González-Pérez and Sosa, 2009).…”

Section: Molecular Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hybridization in the genus Phoenix: A review

Gros-Balthazard

2013

Emir. J. Food Agric

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The genus Phoenix is composed of 14 species naturally distributed in the Old World. This genus comprises the date palm, Phoenix dactylifera L., cultivated for its fruits, the dates, while other species are grown for food, ornament and religious purposes. Phoenix species were, for these reasons, spread out of their natural distribution area. It is therefore common to find species not naturally sympatric, growing together, in cultivation or in the wild. Phoenix species are interfertile and crossing distinct species leads to fertile hybrid offspring (interspecific hybridization). The introduction of a species in the wild generates gene flows leading to the creation of new hybrids and has conservation implications. In cultivation, such crossings may be spontaneous or are the result of artificial pollination, as several reasons impel doing so. Crossing gives rise to beautiful hybrids and is also useful for the conservation of old palm groves threatened by pests. Moreover, artificial pollination of date palms using another Phoenix species can be of interest given the metaxenic pollen effects. In addition, this process may have some potential benefits in date palm improvements, by the creation of hybrid cultivars. Thus, an increasing need of hybrid detection and characterization exists, particularly as morphology alone is not sufficient for this task. Besides new methods such as traditional and geometric morphometrics that may bring new clues, the advent of genetic and molecular markers helps to detect hybrids, especially based on the combination of nuclear and chloroplastic data. The application of methods such as near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy is currently under examination to estimate their potential use for hybrid characterization.

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Molecular evidence of hybridisation between the endemic Phoenix canariensis and the widespread P. dactylifera with Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers

Cited by 43 publications

References 27 publications

Patterns of pollen dispersal in a small population of the Canarian endemic palm (Phoenix canariensis)

Patterns of pollen dispersal in a small population of the Canarian endemic palm (Phoenix canariensis)

Synthesis and assessment of date palm genetic diversity studies

Hybridization in the genus Phoenix: A review

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