Molecular Epidemiology of Seal Parvovirus, 1988–2014

Bodewes, Rogier; Hapsari, Rebriarina; García, Ana Rubio; Contreras, Guillermo J. Sánchez; Bildt, Marco W. G. van de; Graaf, Miranda de; Kuiken, Thijs; Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0112129

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Viruses in the family Genomoviridae have been recorded to be hosted by a wide range of animals, such as humans [ 98 ], the capybara [ 26 ], tortoises [ 15 ], birds [ 97 ], and many other terrestrial animals. Hosts that have been identified to be infected by members of the Parvoviridae include sea stars [ 39 ], species of Crassostrea [ 43 ] and Fenneropenaeus [ 8 ], seals [ 9 ], humans [ 21 ], and pigeons [ 40 ]. In addition to the well-known circovirus hosts, namely pigs [ 93 ] and birds [ 102 ], circovirus has also been found in several fish species [ 20 , 57 , 58 ], gulls [ 95 ], whales [ 47 ], and humans [ 86 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A remarkably diverse and well-organized virus community in a filter-feeding oyster

et al. 2023

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Background Viruses play critical roles in the marine environment because of their interactions with an extremely broad range of potential hosts. Many studies of viruses in seawater have been published, but viruses that inhabit marine animals have been largely neglected. Oysters are keystone species in coastal ecosystems, yet as filter-feeding bivalves with very large roosting numbers and species co-habitation, it is not clear what role they play in marine virus transmission and coastal microbiome regulation. Results Here, we report a Dataset of Oyster Virome (DOV) that contains 728,784 nonredundant viral operational taxonomic unit contigs (≥ 800 bp) and 3473 high-quality viral genomes, enabling the first comprehensive overview of both DNA and RNA viral communities in the oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis. We discovered tremendous diversity among novel viruses that inhabit this oyster using multiple approaches, including reads recruitment, viral operational taxonomic units, and high-quality virus genomes. Our results show that these viruses are very different from viruses in the oceans or other habitats. In particular, the high diversity of novel circoviruses that we found in the oysters indicates that oysters may be potential hotspots for circoviruses. Notably, the viruses that were enriched in oysters are not random but are well-organized communities that can respond to changes in the health state of the host and the external environment at both compositional and functional levels. Conclusions In this study, we generated a first “knowledge landscape” of the oyster virome, which has increased the number of known oyster-related viruses by tens of thousands. Our results suggest that oysters provide a unique habitat that is different from that of seawater, and highlight the importance of filter-feeding bivalves for marine virus exploration as well as their essential but still invisible roles in regulating marine ecosystems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A remarkably diverse and well-organized virus community in a filter-feeding oyster

et al. 2023

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“…In the case of vertebrate parvoviruses, the evolutionary rate appears to be fast enough to perform these analyses (Truyen et al. 2011; Osterhaus et al. 2014; Stamenković et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution and phylogeography of Culex pipiens densovirus

et al. 2019

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Viruses of the Parvoviridae family infect a wide range of animals including vertebrates and invertebrates. So far, our understanding of parvovirus diversity is biased towards medically or economically important viruses mainly infecting vertebrate hosts, while invertebrate infecting parvoviruses—namely densoviruses—have been largely neglected. Here, we investigated the prevalence and the evolution of the only mosquito-infecting ambidensovirus, Culex pipiens densovirus (CpDV), from laboratory mosquito lines and natural populations collected worldwide. CpDV diversity generally grouped in two clades, here named CpDV-1 and -2. The incongruence of the different gene trees for some samples suggested the possibility of recombination events between strains from different clades. We further investigated the role of selection on the evolution of CpDV genome and detected many individual sites under purifying selection both in non-structural and structural genes. However, some sites in structural genes were under diversifying selection, especially during the divergence of CpDV-1 and -2 clades. These substitutions between CpDV-1 and -2 clades were mostly located in the capsid protein encoding region and might cause changes in host specificity or pathogenicity of CpDV strains from the two clades. However, additional functional and experimental studies are necessary to fully understand the protein conformations and the resulting phenotype of these substitutions between clades of CpDV.

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“…Pairwise identities on the nucleotide level between PhHV-7 in grey and harbour seals ranged between 97.3 and 98.6 %, while pairwise identities at the amino acid level ranged between 98 and 98.9 %. Of interest, sequence variation between other DNA viruses (phocine herpesvirus 1 and seal parvovirus) detected in grey and harbour seals suggested that the metapopulation of harbour and grey seals acts as a single reservoir for these viruses (Bodewes et al, 2014;Martina et al, 2002). Furthermore, it has been demonstrated for other gammaherpesviruses isolated from harbour and grey seals that these are able to replicate in cells from other species in vitro (Martina et al, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%