Molecular epidemiology of rabies from Maranhão and surrounding states in the northeastern region of Brazil

Sato, Go; Kobayashi, Yuki; Shoji, Youko; Sato, Tetsuo; Itou, Takuya; Ito, Fumio; Santos, Hamilton Pereira; Brito, C. J. C.; Sakai, Takeo

doi:10.1007/s00705-006-0770-7

Cited by 27 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…1). Specific amino acid substitutions corresponding to the phylogenetic lineages were observed throughout the P protein, as the result that Asp 42 and Glu 62 were found to be retained among Brazilian chiroptera-and carnivora-related RV isolates, respectively. The distribution of amino acid substitutions was particularly concentrated on the VD2, in which the hydropathic profiles associated with specific RV variants were observed in the hydrophilic region (data not shown).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phylogenetic analyses based on the P and M genes revealed the existence of several Brazilian RV variants corresponding to phylogenetic analyses targeting the viral N and G genes [19,25,26,41,42,44,45]. Phylogenetic analysis showed two clusters consisting of chiroptera-or carnivora-related RV isolates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…sp.) have frequently been typed as vampire bat-related RVs in Brazil [19,25,26,41,42,44,45]. Variability has also been reported in the G protein, a major contributor to the pathogenicity of the virus, in which several amino acid substitutions at antigenic sites associated with the pathogenicity and immunogenicity of the virus have been identified in Brazilian RV variants [41].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Genetic Analysis of Phosphoprotein and Matrix Protein of Rabies Viruses Isolated in Brazil

Kobayashi

Okuda

Nakamura

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. To investigate the genetic characteristics of phosphoprotein (P) and matrix protein (M) genes of variable rabies virus (RV) prevalent in Brazil, the authors genetically characterized the P and M genes from 30 Brazilian RV field isolates. Phylogenetic analysis based on the P and M genes revealed the presence of six RV variants that consisted primarily of three insectivorous bats, the vampire bat, dog and fox in Brazil. Specific amino acid substitutions corresponding to these phylogenetic lineages were observed, with Asp 42 and Glu 62 in the P protein found to be characteristic of Brazilian chiroptera-and carnivora-related RVs, respectively. Amino acid sequence motifs predicted to associate with a viral function in the P and M proteins were conserved among Brazilian RV variants. KEY WORDS: Brazil, genetic analysis, matrix protein, phosphoprotein, rabies virus.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 69(11): 1145-1154 Rabies virus (RV) is a member of the Lyssavirus genus, which belongs to the Rhabdoviridae family. Lyssavirus is characterized as having seven genotypes (GTs) comprising, rabies virus (GT 1), Lagos bat virus (GT 2), Mokola virus (GT 3), Duvenhage virus (GT 4), European bat lyssavirus type (EBL) 1 (GT 5), EBL 2 (GT 6) and Australian bat lyssavirus (GT 7). Lyssaviruses have approximately 12-kb of unsegmented negative-stranded genomic RNA for encoding the genes of the nucleoprotein (N), phosphoprotein (P), matrix protein (M), glycoprotein (G) and polymerase (L).RV has an almost global distribution and infects a wide range of mammalian species in which it causes a lethal form of encephalopathy. In Brazil, the principal RV transmitters to humans and domestic animals -dogs and vampire batshave caused serious problems in the public health sector and the livestock industry [6,19]. In addition, RVs have been isolated from other animal species [8]. Previously, phylogenetic analyses targeting the N and G genes revealed that there were several RV variants which varied depending on the host species, which included vampire bats, insectivorous bats, dogs and foxes. Furthermore, RV isolates from cattle and frugivorous bats (Artibeus (A.) sp.) have frequently been typed as vampire bat-related RVs in Brazil [19,25,26,41,42,44,45]. Variability has also been reported in the G protein, a major contributor to the pathogenicity of the virus, in which several amino acid substitutions at antigenic sites associated with the pathogenicity and immunogenicity of the virus have been identified in Brazilian RV variants [41]. However, differences in the pathogenicity and antigenic characteristics of these Brazilian RV variants are not yet known. Recently, in addition to the G protein, both P and M proteins have also been reported to be associated with the pathogenicity of the virus [43]. The P protein forms a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) with N and L proteins, which then wraps around the viral RNA, and plays an important role in transcription and replication in conjunction with the L protein [3,5,11]. In addition, the P protein acts to counteract the ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic Analysis of Phosphoprotein and Matrix Protein of Rabies Viruses Isolated in Brazil

Kobayashi

Okuda

Nakamura

et al. 2007

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Complete G-gene sequences (1575 nt) of nine RABV isolates, which were obtained from seven dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) and two cats (Felis silvestris catus) in Brazil and stored at 280 uC (Ito et al, 2001;Kobayashi et al, 2007), were determined using methods described previously (Sato et al, 2006) (GenBank accession nos AB518487-AB518495). In addition, 110 complete RABV-G-gene sequences were retrieved from GenBank: 39 from Brazil and 71 from 14 other countries (Supplementary Tables S1 and S2, available in JGV Online).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary history of dog rabies in Brazil

Kobayashi

Suzuki

Itou

et al. 2010

Journal of General Virology

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Although dogs are considered to be the principal transmitter of rabies in Brazil, dog rabies had never been recorded in South America before European colonization. In order to investigate the evolutionary history of dog rabies virus (RABV) in Brazil, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of carnivore RABV isolates from around the world and estimated the divergence times for dog RABV in Brazil. Our estimate for the time of introduction of dog RABV into Brazil was the late-19th to early-20th century, which was later than the colonization period but corresponded to a period of increased immigration from Europe to Brazil. In addition, dog RABVs appeared to have spread to indigenous animals in Brazil during the latter half of the 20th century, when the development and urbanization of Brazil occurred. These results suggest that the movement of rabid dogs, along with human activities since the 19th century, promoted the introduction and expansion of dog RABV in Brazil.

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“…Bordignon et al (2005), en el Estado de Santa Catarina, también analizando parcialmente el gen N del RABV, observó un patrón de agrupamiento de linajes virales dentro del estado. Sato et al (2006), mediante el análisis de 599 nt del gen G de varias especies animales, en los Estados de Maranhão, Pará y Tocantins, identificaron linajes virales asociadas a canídeos y D. rotundus. Mediante el análisis de una parte del gene N, de aislamientos bovinos del RABV, procedentes de varios Estados de las regiones Sudeste y Centro-Oeste, Kobayashi et al (2006), propusieron que la diversificación del virus en linajes regionales se debía principalmente a factores de aislamiento geográfico, provocado por barreras físicas como montañas y ríos.…”

Section: Caracterización Genética De Aislamientos Del Rabv En Brasilunclassified

Rabia Transmitida Por Murciélagos en Brasil

Fahl¹,

Garcia²,

Achkar³

et al. 2015

Acta Biol. Colomb.

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RESUMENFrente al desafío que la rabia representa para la industria pecuaria y la salud pública en América Latina, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo hacer una revisión de literatura amplia y crítica sobre la epidemiología de la rabia transmitida por murciélagos en Brasil. El tema es abordado inicialmente desde una perspectiva histórica hasta la caracterización molecular de aislamientos del virus, para finalmente contrastar con la situación de otros países de las Américas. La información referente a Brasil es presentada de manera separada debido a la gran abundancia de especies de murciélagos de diversos hábitos alimenticios, implicadas en la transmisión del virus de la rabia y las complejas relaciones entre los ciclos epidemiológicos revelados por estudios de tipificación antigénica y análisis filogenético, lo cual ha permitido reconocer con más nitidez, la importancia de los quirópteros como reservorios y transmisores de esta enfermedad. Este nuevo escenario epidemiológico exige reexaminar las medidas de control aplicadas hasta el momento, desde un abordaje multidisciplinar, así como cooperación intersectorial y participación por parte de la comunidad.Palabras clave: epidemiología, murciélagos, rabia. ABSTRACTConsidering that rabies represents a challenge for the livestock industry and public health in Latin America, this article is intended to do a comprehensive and critical literature review on the epidemiology of rabies transmitted by bats in Brazil. The subject is addressed from a historical perspective to molecular characterization of rabies virus isolates and finally making a contrast with other countries of the Americas. Information concerning Brazil is presented separately because of the abundance of bats species with different feeding habits, involved in the transmission of rabies virus and the complex relationships between epidemiological cycles in this country, which have been disclosed by antigenic typing and phylogenetic analysis. This has allowed to recognize more clearly the importance of bats as reservoirs and transmitters of this disease. This new epidemiological scenario requires reappraising current control measures, using a multidisciplinary approach, intersectoral cooperation and community participation.

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Molecular epidemiology of rabies from Maranhão and surrounding states in the northeastern region of Brazil

Cited by 27 publications

References 13 publications

Genetic Analysis of Phosphoprotein and Matrix Protein of Rabies Viruses Isolated in Brazil

Genetic Analysis of Phosphoprotein and Matrix Protein of Rabies Viruses Isolated in Brazil

Evolutionary history of dog rabies in Brazil

Rabia Transmitida Por Murciélagos en Brasil

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