Molecular epidemiology of HTLV-1 in Argentina

Pineda, María Verónica; Bouzas, María Belén; Golemba, Marcelo Darío; Remesar, Mirta; Aulicino, Paula; Mammana, Lilia; Tadey, Luciana; Sen, Luisa; Mangano, Andrea

doi:10.1186/1742-4690-12-s1-p85

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…1). Brazil and Argentina are neighbouring countries in Latin America and several studies have already found HTLV-1aA to be endemic in Argentina amongst Amerindians (Berini et al, 2013;Gastaldello et al, 2008;Pineda et al, 2015). These studies suggested that HTLV-1aA in Argentina spread from the Amerindians of South America to other ethnic groups within the country (Gastaldello et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

HTLV-1aA introduction into Brazil and its association with the trans-Atlantic slave trade

Amoussa

Wilkinson

Giovanetti

et al. 2017

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

HTLV-1aA introduction into Brazil and its association with the trans-Atlantic slave trade

Amoussa

Wilkinson

Giovanetti

et al. 2017

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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“…Genotype mainly can be more separated into subgroups based geographical character ( 28 , 29 ). This fact showed that migration of ancient infected populations caused viruses spread and virus existence for thousands of years ( 31 , 32 ). In genetic variation of retroviruses, both recombination and point mutation contribute ( 30 ), but for HTLV-1, no recombination had been identified ( 30 , 31 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main genetic evolution mechanism for these viruses would be point mutations ( 31 ). The virus mutations during proliferation in infected cells caused genetic diversity ( 32 ). However, HTLV-1 is present all over the world, and endemic distributions of this infection have been reported in many countries ( 34 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in the tax gene and it association with adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma disorders

Pourrezaei¹,

Shadabi²,

Gheidishahran³

et al. 2021

IJM

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Background and Objectives: Human T-lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) belongs to retrovirus family that causes the neurological disorder HTLV-1 adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). Since 1980, seven subtypes of the virus have been recognized. HTLV-1 is prevalent and endemic in some regions, such as Africa, Japan, South America and Iran as the endemic regions of the HTLV-1 in the Middle East. To study HTLV-1 subtypes and routes of virus spread in Iran, phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses were performed and for as much as no previous phylogenetic studies were conducted in Tehran, we do this survey. To this purpose, the Tax region of HTLV-1 was used. Materials and Methods: In this study 100 samples were collected from blood donors in Tehran. All samples were screened for anti-HTLV-I antibodies by ELISA. Then, genomic DNA was extracted from all positive samples (10 people), and for confirmation of infection, ordinary PCR was performed for both the HBZ and LTR regions. Moreover, the Tax region was amplified and purified PCR products were sequenced and analyzed, and finally, a phylogenetic tree was constructed using Mega X software. Results: Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that isolates from Iran, Japan, Brazil, and Africa are located within the extensive ‘‘transcontinental’’ subgroup A clade of HTLV-1 Cosmopolitan subtype a. The Japanese sequences are the closest to the Iranian sequences and have the most genetic similarity with them. Conclusion: Through phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses HTLV-1 strain in Tehran were characterized in Iran. The appearance of HTLV-1 in Iran was probably happened by the ancient Silk Road which linked China to Antioch.

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“…Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus in the genus Deltaretrovirus of the subfamily Orthoretrovirinae (1). There are seven reported subtypes of HTLV-1 (A through G), although no evidence suggests that the pathogenic capacity of HTLV-1 differs between subtypes (2). Presently, subtype A has spread worldwide and is responsible for the majority of HTLV-1 infections (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are seven reported subtypes of HTLV-1 (A through G), although no evidence suggests that the pathogenic capacity of HTLV-1 differs between subtypes (2). Presently, subtype A has spread worldwide and is responsible for the majority of HTLV-1 infections (2). HTLV-1 is prominent in most regions of Africa, and recent data have described communities in Australia, Japan, and Brazil where as many as 45% of individuals are infected (3–5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo and in vitro immunogenicity of novel MHC class I presented epitopes to confer protective immunity against chronic HTLV-1 infection

Mulherkar

Karabudak

Ginwala

et al. 2018

Vaccine

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Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) has infected approximately 20 million people worldwide. While 90% are asymptomatic, 5% develop severe diseases including adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoka (ATLL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). No vaccine against HTLV-1 exists, and screening programs are not universal. However, patients with chronic HTLV-1 infection have high frequencies of HTLV-1-activated CD8+ T cells, and the two main HLA alleles (A2, A24) are present in 88% of infected individuals. We thus utilized an immunoproteomics approach to characterize MHC-I restricted epitopes presented by HLA-A2+, A24+ MT-2 and SLB-1 cell lines. Unlike traditional motif prediction algorithms, this approach identifies epitopes associated with cytotoxic T-cell responses in their naturally processed forms, minimizing differences in antigen processing and protein expression levels. Out of nine identified peptides, we confirmed six novel MHC-I restricted epitopes that were capable of binding HLA-A2 and HLA-A24 alleles and used in vitro and in vivo methods to generate CD8+ T cells specific for each of these peptides. MagPix MILLIPLEX data showed that in vitro generated epitope-specific CD8+ T cells secreted IFN-γ, granzyme B, MIP-1α, TNF-α, perforin and IL-10 when cultured in the presence of MT-2 cell line. Degranulation assay confirmed cytotoxic response through surface expression of CD107 on CD8+ T cells when cultured with MT-2 cells. A CD8+ T-cell killing assay indicated significant antiviral activity of CD8+ T cells specific against all identified peptides. In vivo generated CD8+ T cells similarly demonstrated immunogenicity on ELISpot, CD107 degranulation assay, and MagPix MILLIPLEX analysis. These epitopes are thus candidates for a therapeutic peptide-based vaccine against HTLV-1, and our results provide preclinical data for the advancement of such a vaccine.

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Molecular epidemiology of HTLV-1 in Argentina

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

HTLV-1aA introduction into Brazil and its association with the trans-Atlantic slave trade

HTLV-1aA introduction into Brazil and its association with the trans-Atlantic slave trade

Molecular epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 in the tax gene and it association with adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma disorders

In vivo and in vitro immunogenicity of novel MHC class I presented epitopes to confer protective immunity against chronic HTLV-1 infection

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