Molecular epidemiology of canine parvovirus in southern India

Abstract

Aim: The present study was conducted to isolate and characterize canine parvovirus circulating in Southern India by genetic analysis of VP2 capsid protein gene. Materials and Methods:In this study, 128 samples were collected from nine different locations covering five Southern Indian states (Pondicherry, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka) . Out of 128 samples, 69 samples were found to be positive by PCR assay. Out of 69 positive samples, 36 were randomly selected and processed for virus isolation. Twenty viruses could be isolated successfully and 18 randomly selected isolate were subjected to VP2 gene sequence analysis along with 6 random clinical samples.Result: Seventeen isolates and 5 clinical samples were characterized as New CPV-2a (CPV2a with 297-Ser Ala). But one isolate and one clinical sample had amino acids variations which were characteristics of New CPV-2b. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that one of the field isolates was found to be phylogenetically closely related to New CPV-2b strains of India; rest other sequences was found to share ancestral origins with New CPV-2a reference strains of Japan, China, Thailand and India.

Full-length VP2 gene analysis of canine parvovirus reveals emergence of newer variants in India

“…The result of the PCR screening assay in dogs was in concordance with the results obtained by Srinivas et al [27] and Mukhopadhyay et al [28]. The disease was predominantly noticed in dogs between 0-and 6-month age group (74.58%) as also reported by other authors [29,30].…”

“…It was also documented that Ile-324 substitution was in regions of potentially important antigenic epitopes and this substitution might have a direct influence on viral biology [48]. Interestingly, the frequency of CPVs carrying mutations at 267Tyr and 324Ile residues had increased enormously and had reached a high prevalence among Indian CPV isolates only since 2012-13 [27,28,44].…”

Incidence of Canine Parvo Virus-2 with Ancylostomosis and Complication by E. coli in a Young Pup

“…Though electron microcopy, haemagglutination test, IFT and ELISA are employed in the detection of CPV, owing to their limitations in their detection, PCR is the technique found to be highly useful in the diagnosis of CPV-2 with high sensitivity and specificity . The result of PCR is in accordance with Srinivas et al, (2013) who also reported an incidence of 53.90% for parvo viral enteritis by PCR assay using H-primers in Southern India.…”

Breed, Age and Sex Wise-Distribution of Parvoviral Enteritis Among Canines Based on Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay

“…A higher incidence of parvoviral enteritis in males than in females was also reported [2,21,22]. The higher incidence of CPV in males was attributed to the habit of males, which travel more than females, thereby getting more exposed to parvo infected faeces [22] and are thereby more prone for CPV infection [23,24].…”

“…The causative agent behind this was found to be CPV-2 causing high morbidity and frequent mortality among the infected dogs [2]. As per International Committee for Taxonomy of Virus (ICTV) 2013, CPV is classified as Carnivore protoparvovirus 1 in the genus Protoparvovirus of the family Parvoviridae.…”