Molecular Detection of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Women with and without Human Papillomaviruses Infection Who Referred to Tehran West Hospitals in Iran

Abstract

Background:According to the studies, many pathogens function as cofactors interacting with Human papillomavirus in the development of pre-cancer or cancer of the cervix. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) pathogens including Mycoplasma hominis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Gardnerella vaginalis, and Streptococcus agalactiae in people with HPV and without HPV infection, and frequency rate of these pathogens in high and low risk of HPV. Methods: Cervical samples of 280 women who referred to Tehran west hospitals in Iran, between 2019 and 2020, were collected. After DNA extraction of samples, identification of HPV and genotyping was performed, and then, to detect each microorganism, the PCR was carried out with specific primers. Finally, the results were analyzed using descriptive statistics tests. Results: The mean age of patients was 37 years. Two groups of patients were identified based on positivity or negativity of HPV. In HPV-positive group (118 cases), the prevalence of U.

Detection of Causative Agents of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Symptomatic Infertile Women Using Real Time Pcr Technique

“…The rate of M. hominis infection was 21% in the current study which agreed with results of Majhi et al (2022) who found that 20% of sexually active women were positive, while lower than the results of Fatlawy and Abduljabbar (2019) who found that 31.12% of the infertile women from Iraq were positive. On another hand, these results were higher than the results of Mortazavi et al (2021) in Iran who found that 7.62% of the infertile women were positive.…”

“…Among tested infertile women for U. urealyticum, 16.0% were positive. The results were lower than those by Fatlway and Abduljabbar (2019) who found that 26.81% of infertile women from Baghdad, Iraq were positive, and in Iran by (Peerayeh et al, 2006) (Mortazavi et al, 2021) who found that 30.7% and 38.13% of the infertile women were positive for this pathogen respectively.…”

Impact of cervicovaginal microbiome on the risk of cervical abnormalities development

“…GV is typically found at pH > 4.5 which may be a result of the decrease of estrogens and progestin favoring the infection and survival of GV 69,70 . Our result is controversial since different authors have linked a potential impact of GV in the development of cervical lesions and/or cancer while others fail to show any association 68,71–73 . Furthermore, some authors have been showing that quantification of some microorganisms such as GV may be of potential interest, which should be further explored 74 …”

“…69,70 Our result is controversial since different authors have linked a potential impact of GV in the development of cervical lesions and/or cancer while others fail to show any association. 68,[71][72][73] Furthermore, some authors have been showing that quantification of some microorganisms such as GV may be of potential interest, which should be further explored. 74 Regarding other common agents, we found that MH (p = 0.028; RR = 1.51) and Mob were highly associated with HPV-9val (p = 0.025; RR = 1.85).…”

“…These results need further clarification since it is unclear the true role of these agents in cervical disease development or HPV infection especially by studying healthy women. 73,75,76 Another interesting data is the results obtained for Mega1 and BVab2 which the univariate analysis revealed significant protection not only for cervical disease development (p < 0.001, OR = 0.19; and p < 0.001, OR = 0.23; respectively) but also for ASC-H/HSIL (p = 0.051, OR = 0.56; and p = 0.037, OR = 0.52; respectively).…”