Molecular detection of antibiotic resistance genes in identified of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci from chickens flocks and hatcheries in Egypt.

Abstract

T HE COLLECTED 942 samples (6 organ/bird) from 157 birds taken from 34 broiler chicken farms aged 2-31 days including 13 and 21 clinical diseased and apparently health flock as well as 221 hatchery samples. Samples were tested for isolation of Coagulase negative staphylococcus (CoNS).Results of isolation from chicken flocks with clinical signs are 9/13(69.23%) were positive. Positive samples (11/354, 3.11%) including : 3liver, 4 kidney, 2 intestine, 1 air sac and 1 nasal sinus. Out of apparent healthy flocks 8/21 (38.95%) were positive. Positive samples (15/ 588, 2.55%) including 3 liver, 2 kidney, 4 intestine, 3 lung, 2 air sac and 1 nasal sinus. Results showed that 15 positive flocks out of 34 flocks (34.09%) with 26 Staphylococcus isolates from 942 samples (2.77%) including 6 liver, 6 kidney, 6 intestine, 4 lung, 2 air-sacs and 2 nasal sinus with rate of 3.82%, 3.82%, 3.82%, 2.55%, 1.27% and 1.27%; respectively. Also12 isolates out of 26 (46.15%) were CoNS include 8 S. xylosus (75 %), 2 S. scuiri (16.67%) and 2 S. lentus (16.67%).Hatchery samples reveals the isolation of 26 staphylococcus isolates (11.76%). The tested 108 fertile eggs and dead in shell embryos resulted in 14 and 12 isolates in rate of 12.96% and 13.79%; respectively. Ten isolates were CoNS (38.46%) and represented 4.52% out of total samples including 8 S. xylosus and 2 S. scuiri. Eight S. xylosus was 6 (5.55%) from infertile eggs and 2 (2.29 %) from dead in shell, While the 2 S. scuiri (1.85%) were obtained from infertile eggs.The tested CoNS isolates showed 100% resistance to Oxytetracycline 30 µg/ml (T30), Trimethoprime + Sulphamethexole 2.25/23.75 µg/ml (SXT) , Calindamycin 2 µg/ml (DA) and Oxacillin 30 µg/ml (OX). All isolates were 100% susceptible to Vancomycin 30 µg/ ml (VA) and 90% susceptibility to Enrofloxacin 5 µg/ml (ENR). Multidrug resistance was detected in form of resistance to 9, 4 and 5 out of tested 13 antibiotics in 2 S.lentus , 5 S. scuiri and 15 S. xylosis; respectively.Ten isolates were tested for the presence of 7 resistance gens including: mecA , tetK, blaZ , kan , ermC, icaD, bab gene. Seven isolates from the tested 10 (70%) having 4 resistance gens. The most detected gens are mecA tetK, blaZ and ermC where it was detected in 90, 80, 60 and 90% respectively. Kan , icaD and bab gens were detected in rate of 30.0 and 0 %; respectively.In conclusion: CoNS could isolated from healthy and diseased chicken flocks as well as from chicken hatchery. The obtained isolates were multidrug either phenotypic and /or genotypic resistant. Good hygienic measures in both chicken farms and hatchery with monitoring of drug resistance of CoNS those act as source for resistance genes to bacterial pathogens and their importance to the poultry and public health are recommended.

Occurrence and characterization of coagulase positive and negative Staphylococci isolated from Japanese quails and broiler chickens at Qena Governorate, Egypt

“…In this study and as illustrated in Table 2, it was found that incidence of Staphylococci (total), S. aureus, OCoPS and CoNS among the examined quails was (13.75%), (2.5%), (2.5%) and (8.75%) respectively while their incidence among the examined chickens was (7.14%), (0.0%), (0.0%) and (7.14%) respectively. Our results came in accordance with findings of El-Jakee et al (2008) who reported that incidence of Staphylococci among chickens was (12%) while disagreed with those of Bakeet and Darwish (2014) and Salah et al (2020) who reported that incidence of Staphylococci among chickens was (72.5%) and (35.0%) respectively and Shokry et al (2018) who reported that Staphylococcus were isolated from diseased chickens by 69.23% and 38.95% from apparently healthy flocks . Our results came also in accordance with findings of Otalu et al (2011) and Otalu et al (2015) who reported that incidence of S. aureus among live and slaughtered chickens was (3.25%) and (0.93%) respectively while disagreed with those of Mamza et al ( 2019) and Salah et al (2020) who reported that incidence of S. aureus among chickens was (47.5%) and (14.2%) respectively.…”

Surveillance of Escherichia coli in different types of chicken and duck hatcheries: one health outlook

“…Egypt has 3 types of poultry hatcheries of 3 types automatic, semiautomatic, and manual ( Shokry et al, 2018 ). The 3 types are employed in Egypt's poultry industry and could represent potential hazards if not hygienically manipulated ( Osman et al, 2018 ).…”