Molecular detection and genetic diversity of norovirus in hospitalized young adults with acute gastroenteritis in Bahia, Brazil

Campos, Gúbio Soares; Moreau, Vitor Hugo; Bandeira, António; Barberino, Goreth; Almeida, Paulo Fernando de; Amador, David Moraga; Lima, Margareth Oliveira de; Sardi, Silvia Inês

doi:10.1007/s00705-008-0078-x

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…GII/4, GII/3, GII/6, GII/9 and GII/2 genotypes were reported in studies carried out in other states of Brazil, such as Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo (Southeastern) and Bahia (Northeastern). 6,14,15,31,38 GII/4 was the most prevalent genotype in the present study, and it is described as the most prevalent in several major studies from around the world 16,19,20 as well as in Brazil 14,15,30 . Despite this, some reports have shown that certain strains may predominate temporarily in a geographic area, suggesting differential virulence or protective immunity against the genotype, restricting viral circulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…36 The striking predominance of GII over GI (98% versus 2%) corroborates previous studies that show GII is the most prevalent genogroup worldwide. 16,37 In Brazil, studies have characterized the genogroup of NoVs and showed that GII is responsible for > 90% of the cases, 6,14,15 except the data obtained by Soares et al 30 that revealed GI in 47.6% of analyzed cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Viral load and genotypes of noroviruses in symptomatic and asymptomatic children in Southeastern Brazil

Barreira

Ferreira

Fumian

et al. 2010

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Viral load and genotypes of noroviruses in symptomatic and asymptomatic children in Southeastern Brazil

Barreira

Ferreira

Fumian

et al. 2010

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…Although affecting all age groups, it was extensively reported in the news media and perceived by many as a new rotavirus threat. Similar epidemic outbreaks occurred the following year when norovirus GII.4 was predominantly detected in the general population of Salvador, Bahia, and in young children hospitalized in Vitória, Espírito Santo [14, 15]. Although calicivirus infections have been traditionally associated to food or waterborne outbreaks of mild to moderate AGE in adults, they were relatively common (33% prevalence) among young children with or without AGE in a study in São Paulo, Brazil, and have been increasingly implicated in severe cases requiring hospitalization of European children during periods of AGE epidemics [16, 17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Acute Gastroenteritis in a Pediatric Hospital in Rio de Janeiro in Pre- and Post-Rotavirus Vaccination Settings

Gouvêa¹,

Dias²,

Aguiar³

et al. 2009

TOVJ

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A 4½-year hospital-based survey was conducted in Rio de Janeiro to determine baseline rates of gastroenteritis-related cases, hospitalizations, and deaths; to examine the prevalence of rotavirus strains causing admissions; and to assess the immediate impact of the nationwide rotavirus immunization program launched in March 2006. From August 2002 to May 2007, 14,473 (10.4%) of the 139,747 consultations had AGE as primary diagnosis, 491 (3.4%) children required hospitalization and two (0.4%) dehydrated children died. Gastroenteritis contribution to hospitalizations varied from ~2.3% in 2004 and 2006 to 6.4% in 2005, being roughly half of them rotavirus-related cases. A gradual decrease in rotavirus strain diversity was observed from 2002 to 2005 when a single G9P[8] prevailed until April 2006. Then only short profile G9P[4] and G2P[4] strains were detected. Gastroenteritis cases were distributed year-round in a trimodal pattern with major winter peaks. Local climate apparently affected the incidence of gastroenteritis: reduction in dry years (2004 and 2007) and explosive outbreaks caused by multiple agents during the heavy rainfalls and recurrent floods of the 2005-early 2006 period. Besides rotavirus, adenovirus and calicivirus were major gastroenteritis agents of these seemingly waterborne outbreaks. In conclusion, rotavirus vaccination impacted marginally, if at all, on the incidence of childhood gastroenteritis, as favorable results obtained by comparing data from the post-vaccine period to the preceding unusual 2005 year all but disappeared when comparing to previous pre-vaccination periods, and the shift towards G2P[4] rotavirus strains may be a global trend unrelated to vaccination.

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“…Because NoV diagnosis is not performed routinely in the country, data concerning NoV epidemiology result from studies carried out only by research laboratories that have separately assessed the rate of infection and genetic diversity of NoV in communities, outpatients or children admitted to hospital [Parks et al, 1999;Gallimore et al, 2004;Castilho et al, 2006;Soares et al, 2007;Victoria et al, 2007;Campos et al, 2008;Ferreira et al, 2008;Ribeiro et al, 2008;Xavier et al, 2009]. This 4-year long NoV surveillance study enrolled rotavirus-negative outpatients and inpatients, and assessed the rate, clinical manifestations and molecular epidemiology of NoV in the State of Rio de Janeiro.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance of norovirus infections in the state of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil 2005–2008

Ferreira

Victoria

Carvalho-Costa

et al. 2010

Journal of Medical Virology

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A 4-year (2005-2008) norovirus (NoV) surveillance study was conducted in the state of Rio Janeiro, Brazil, to demonstrate the role of these viruses in outbreaks and sporadic cases of acute gastroenteritis. A cohort of 1,687 fecal samples was obtained from patients with gastroenteritis; 324 were rotavirus-positive. Of the remainder 1,363 rotavirus-negative samples, 1,087 samples were tested for NoV RNA in this study. The study enrolled 267 outpatients from Municipal Public Health Centers and 820 inpatients, whose samples were obtained by active surveillance in Public Hospitals. Fecal samples were tested by reverse transcription (RT) followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the MON 431-434 set of degenerate primers for NoV GI and GII detection, and there were 35.1% (381/1,087) positive samples for NoV, consisting of 30.2% (248/820) and 49.8% (133/267) from inpatient and outpatient, respectively. Children infected by NoV had significantly more frequent mucus in feces, vomiting and fever. No seasonal pattern in NoV infections was observed in patients admitted to hospital; however, two peaks of NoV infections were observed from ambulatory cases, suggesting that there was an occurrence of outbreaks in those time periods. Molecular characterization revealed GII to be the most prevalent genogroup, totaling 96.3% (104/108) of all sequences analyzed, and GII.4 was the genotype detected most frequently (80.7%), followed by GII.6, 3, 14, 7, and 8. Two GI strains, GI.2 and GI.3, were also observed. The number of outbreaks and sporadic cases described in this study highlights the need to implement diagnosis of NoV in surveillance laboratories.

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Molecular detection and genetic diversity of norovirus in hospitalized young adults with acute gastroenteritis in Bahia, Brazil

Cited by 17 publications

References 26 publications

Viral load and genotypes of noroviruses in symptomatic and asymptomatic children in Southeastern Brazil

Viral load and genotypes of noroviruses in symptomatic and asymptomatic children in Southeastern Brazil

Acute Gastroenteritis in a Pediatric Hospital in Rio de Janeiro in Pre- and Post-Rotavirus Vaccination Settings

Surveillance of norovirus infections in the state of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil 2005–2008

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