Molecular comparison of iridoviruses isolated from marine fish cultured in Korea and imported from China

Jeong, Joon Bum; Kim, Ho Yeoul; Kim, Ki Hong; Chung, Joon-Ki; Komisar, Jack; Jeong, Hyun Do

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.12.015

Cited by 28 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…These findings suggest a potential risk of ISKNV disease in various freshwater ornamental fish species, including the 7 species that were 1-step PCR negative, in which clinical signs and mortality were not observed. Jeong et al (2006b) reported many different types of repetitive sequences in the genome of iridoviruses isolated from marine fish, especially as a cluster form in the 3' terminal region of the ORF-2 gene of the K2 region. Such repetitive sequences might be variable in individual fish or depend on the iridovirus strain as those found in the ORF-1 gene (Jeong et al 2006a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Determined nucleotide sequences of the open reading frame (ORF)-2 region (Jeong et al 2006b) of SGIV-1 and PGIV-3 have been submitted to GenBank (accession no. DQ812903 and DQ812904, respectively).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the PGIV-A and PGIV-B of externally healthy fish, detected by 2-step PCR, appeared to have the same nucleotide sequences. Interestingly, 3 different lengths of amplicon were revealed by the 2-step PCR with the IK2F/IK2R primer designed from the K2 region known to contain many internal repetitive sequences (Jeong et al 2006b) (Figs. 1 & 2).…”

Section: Dna Nucleotide Sequences Of Isolated Iridovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outbreaks and risks of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus disease in freshwater ornamental fishes

Jeong¹,

Kim²,

Jun³

et al. 2008

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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We examined the distribution of iridoviruses in 10 freshwater ornamental fish species hatched in Korea and imported from other Asian countries using both 1-step and 2-step polymerase chain reation (PCR). None of the 10 fish species analyzed were free of iridovirus as shown by 2-step PCR positive results, and 3 species yielded 1-step PCR positive results with associated mortality. Cloned PCR amplicons of the adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) and major capsid protein (MCP) genes in genomic DNA of iridovirus showed the same nucleotide sequences as that of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV) isolated from the mandarinfish Siniperca chuatsi. These results indicate the presence of ISKNV disease in various ornamental fish as new host species and that the disease is widespread throughout different Asian countries including Korea, Singapore and China. Such infections were either clinical with associated mortality (and 1-step PCR positive) or asymptomatic in fish that were externally healthy (and only positive in 2-step PCR). Molecular analyses of the K2 region performed on iridovirus samples isolated from freshwater ornamental fishes revealed deletion/insertion of repetitive sequences of various lengths (42 to 339 bp), depending on the ISKNV isolates, without substitutions. Experimental infection of pearl gourami Trichogaster leeri and silver gourami T. microlepis with a tissue homogenate of pearl gourami infected by ISKNV induced 70 and 20% cumulative mortalities in the pearl and silver gourami, respectively. KEY WORDS: Iridovirus · ISKNV · Ornamental fish · Asymptomatic infection · Asian countries Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherDis Aquat Org 78: [209][210][211][212][213][214][215] 2008 (ALIV) and dwarf gourami C. lalia iridovirus (DGIV) in Japan.Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), recently assigned to the new Megalocytivirus genus of the Iridoviridae family, based on morphological and genetic characteristics (Chinchar et al. 2005), has caused significant economic loss in the mandarinfish Siniperca chuatsi aquaculture sector of China (He et al. 2000). In studies to elucidate the transmission and host range of ISKNV, mandarinfish appears to be the only species infected naturally and the most susceptible species, followed by largemouth bass in experimental infections of 21 fish species tested (He et al. 2002). In addition, the presence of ISKNV has only been reported in China. Jeong et al. (2006a), using 2-step polymerase chain reation (PCR), reported megalocytivirus in marine fish species that were externally healthy, a condition that could be called persistent or asymptomatic infection. Moreover, investigation of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides salmoides, using a 1-step PCR technique after the occurrence of mass mortality, has also revealed the long-term persistence of ranavirus, largemouth bass virus (LMBV), in the population (Hanson & Petrie-Hanson 2001).Although Megalocytivirus and Ranavirus are epidemiologically and g...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dna Nucleotide Sequences Of Isolated Iridovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Outbreaks and risks of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus disease in freshwater ornamental fishes

Jeong¹,

Kim²,

Jun³

et al. 2008

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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“…Cromileptes altivelis sleepy disease virus (GSDIV), and RBIV IVS-1 (He et al 2000, Hanson et al 2001, Sudthongkong et al 2002, Do et al 2004, Mahardika et al 2004, Jeong et al 2006a. Iridoviral replication via cell culture is inefficient; thus, each of these viruses is difficult to cultivate in vitro (Nakajima & Sorimachi 1994, Chou et al 1998.…”

Section: Aplocheilichthys Normani Iridovirus (Aliv) Dwarf Gourami Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To determine the phylogenetic relationships between iridoviruses, or for detection of a given iridovirus, previous studies have used polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with primers specific for various genes, including major capsid protein (MCP) (He et al 2001), ribonucleotide reductase small subunit (RNRS) (Oshima et al 1998), DNA polymerase (DPOL), adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), the Pst I restriction fragment (Kurita et al 1998), and K2 region (Jeong et al 2006a). However, PCR-based assays are only able to detect the presence of an iridoviral infection, and not the viral load in the infected fish, which may be a useful indicator of disease outbreaks.…”

Section: Transmission Of Iridovirus From Freshwater Ornamental Fish (mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of iridovirus from freshwater ornamental fish (pearl gourami) to marine fish (rock bream)

Jeong¹,

Cho²,

Jun³

et al. 2008

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Freshwater pearl gourami Trichogaster leeri and seawater rock bream Oplegnathus fasciatus infected by the iridoviruses PGIV-SP and IVS-1 were carrying similar numbers of viral particles (2.52 × 10 8 and 2.46 × 10 8 viral genome copies mg -1 spleen tissue, respectively). The viral genome copy number for both iridoviruses decreased much faster in seawater than in freshwater, reaching a concentration of less than 0.5%, versus 26 to 54% in freshwater, after 4 d of incubation at 25°C. The decrease in copy number altered the infectivity of the viruses, as reflected by the decreased cumulative mortality of rock bream injected intraperitoneally with the incubated iridoviruses. Moreover, uninfected rock bream cohabitated with PGIV-SP-challenged rock bream showed 100% cumulative mortality; a similar experiment using IVS-1 had the same result, implying the potential for iridoviral transmission from freshwater ornamental fish to marine fish even in a marine environment. Of 58 outwardly healthy marine fish groups collected from various markets, 2 rock bream groups and 1 sea perch group Lateolabrax sp. tested positive for PGIV-SP by 2-step polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thus, PGIV-SP from freshwater ornamental fish may have crossed both environmental and species barriers to infect marine fish such as rock bream.

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Shift of phylogenic position in megalocytiviruses based on three different genes

et al. 2011

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Molecular comparison of iridoviruses isolated from marine fish cultured in Korea and imported from China

Cited by 28 publications

References 32 publications

Outbreaks and risks of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus disease in freshwater ornamental fishes

Outbreaks and risks of infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus disease in freshwater ornamental fishes

Transmission of iridovirus from freshwater ornamental fish (pearl gourami) to marine fish (rock bream)

Shift of phylogenic position in megalocytiviruses based on three different genes

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