Molecular cloning of motilin and mechanism of motilin-induced gastrointestinal motility in Japanese quail

Apu, A. S.; Mondal, Anupom; Kitazawa, Takio; Takemi, Shota; Sakai, Takafumi; Sakata, Ichiro

doi:10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.05.017

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Chicken MLN is capable of causing contraction of the quail GI tract. The region-related contractile responsiveness (small intestine > proventriculus > crop = colon) and region-related different contraction mechanisms reported by Apu et al (41) are similar to those in chickens (39, 40, 77) (Table 1). Although it is necessary to examine the responses of MLN in other avian species, the characteristics of the MLN-induced GI contraction in the two species are almost the same, and the high sensitivity of MLN in the small intestine suggests that MLN might regulate motility of the small intestine by spontaneous oscillating contraction as seen in chickens (37).…”

Section: Regulation Of Gastrointestinal Motility By Mlnsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…In this condition, chicken GHRL-induced contraction was very weak in all GI regions of the quail despite the fact that similar levels of GHS-R1a mRNA were expressed (113). Ineffectiveness of chicken GHRL in the quail proventriculus and duodenum has also been reported (41). Such a discrepancy between GHS-R mRNA expression level and contractile response has been reported in humans: substantial amounts of GHS-R mRNA and its protein are expressed in the stomach and colon (140), but GHRL did not cause mechanical responses or modify neural contractions (99).…”

Section: Regulation Of Gastrointestinal Motility By Ghrlmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…MLN has also been identified in the Japanese quail. Quail MLN consists of 22-amino-acids and only one amino acid at position 10 is different from that in chickens [(41), Figure 2]. The distribution of MLN-immunopositive cells in the quail is almost the same as that in the chicken (38).…”

Section: Regulation Of Gastrointestinal Motility By Mlnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of Gastrointestinal Motility by Motilin and Ghrelin in Vertebrates

Kitazawa

Kaiya

2019

Front. Endocrinol.

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The energy balance of vertebrates is regulated by the difference in energy input and energy expenditure. Generally, most vertebrates obtain their energy from nutrients of foods through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Therefore, food intake and following food digestion, including motility of the GI tract, secretion and absorption, are crucial physiological events for energy homeostasis. GI motility changes depending on feeding, and GI motility is divided into fasting (interdigestive) and postprandial (digestive) contraction patterns. GI motility is controlled by contractility of smooth muscles of the GI tract, extrinsic and intrinsic neurons (motor and sensory) and some hormones. In mammals, ghrelin (GHRL) and motilin (MLN) stimulate appetite and GI motility and contribute to the regulation of energy homeostasis. GHRL and MLN are produced in the mucosal layer of the stomach and upper small intestine, respectively. GHRL is a multifunctional peptide and is involved in glucose metabolism, endocrine/exocrine functions and cardiovascular and reproductive functions, in addition to feeding and GI motility in mammals. On the other hand, the action of MLN is restricted and species such as rodentia, including mice and rats, lack MLN peptide and its receptor. From a phylogenetic point of view, GHRL and its receptor GHS-R1a have been identified in various vertebrates, and their structural features and various physiological functions have been revealed. On the other hand, MLN or MLN-like peptide (MLN-LP) and its receptors have been found only in some fish, birds and mammals. Here, we review the actions of GHRL and MLN with a focus on contractility of the GI tract of species from fish to mammals.

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Section: Regulation Of Gastrointestinal Motility By Mlnsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Regulation Of Gastrointestinal Motility By Ghrlmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Regulation of Gastrointestinal Motility by Motilin and Ghrelin in Vertebrates

Kitazawa

Kaiya

2019

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…Immunohistochemical studies for non-mammalian vertebrates have shown by using anti-human motilin serum, and motilin-ip cells were detected in the duodenum but not in the proventriculus and gizzard of chickens ( Gallus gallus domesticus , 33 ) and quails ( Coturnix japonica , 34 ). Motilin-like immunoreactivity was detected in some reptiles ( Caiman latirostris, Caiman crocodilus, Egernia kingii ) but not in other reptiles ( Testudo graeca, Mauremys capsica, Lacetra lepida, Alligator mississippiensis ) or fish ( Tinca tinca , Ctenopharyngodon idellus ) ( 35 – 40 ).…”

Section: Distribution Of Motilinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isolated GI strips of chickens, quails and pheasants were used in in vitro contraction studies for motilin ( 33 , 34 , 82 , 83 , 189 ). Chicken or human motilin caused contraction of the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) in the three avian species by activation of MLN-Rs on smooth muscles because tetrodotoxin or atropine failed to decrease the contraction.…”

Section: Gi Motility-stimulating Action In Non-mammalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motilin Comparative Study: Structure, Distribution, Receptors, and Gastrointestinal Motility

Kitazawa

Kaiya

2021

Front. Endocrinol.

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Motilin, produced in endocrine cells in the mucosa of the upper intestine, is an important regulator of gastrointestinal (GI) motility and mediates the phase III of interdigestive migrating motor complex (MMC) in the stomach of humans, dogs and house musk shrews through the specific motilin receptor (MLN-R). Motilin-induced MMC contributes to the maintenance of normal GI functions and transmits a hunger signal from the stomach to the brain. Motilin has been identified in various mammals, but the physiological roles of motilin in regulating GI motility in these mammals are well not understood due to inconsistencies between studies conducted on different species using a range of experimental conditions. Motilin orthologs have been identified in non-mammalian vertebrates, and the sequence of avian motilin is relatively close to that of mammals, but reptile, amphibian and fish motilins show distinctive different sequences. The MLN-R has also been identified in mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates, and can be divided into two main groups: mammal/bird/reptile/amphibian clade and fish clade. Almost 50 years have passed since discovery of motilin, here we reviewed the structure, distribution, receptor and the GI motility regulatory function of motilin in vertebrates from fish to mammals.

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