Molecular Characterizations of Kenyan Brachiaria Grass Ecotypes with Microsatellite (SSR) Markers

Ondabu, N.; Maina, Solomon; Kimani, Wilson; Njarui, D. M. G.; Djikeng, Appolinaire; Ghimire, Sita R.

doi:10.3390/agronomy7010008

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The Ethiopian B. brizantha accessions analysed in this study showed higher genetic diversity than the six improved cultivars representing four species (B. brizantha, B. decumbens, B. humidicola and B. ruziziensis; Figure 2). Similar results were described for Kenyan ecotypes and Tanzania accessions (Ondabu et al 2017;Kuwi et al 2018). The presence of three allelic pools and high genetic diversity among Ethiopian B. brizantha accessions determines the importance of this germplasm in a Brachiaria breeding program.…”

Section: 32%supporting

confidence: 78%

“…The microsatellite markers used in this study were highly informative and well-differentiated Ethiopian B. brizantha accessions. The average PIC value for these markers (0.75) was higher than that in most previous studies (Jungmann et al 2009a;Vigna et al 2011;Silva et al 2013;Ondabu et al 2017;Kuwi et al 2018). Similarly, the average number of alleles per locus (19.90) was higher than that in previous studies (7.70 to 16.96) (Jungmann et al 2009b;Vigna et al 2011;Pessoa-Filho et al 2015;Kuwi et al 2018).…”

Section: 32%contrasting

confidence: 60%

“…that most of them showed good adaptation, high biomass production and increased livestock productivity but showed susceptibility to different diseases (Njarui et al 2016). Moreover, recent studies have found a narrow genetic base of these improved cultivars with a high genetic similarity (Ondabu et al 2017;Kuwi et al 2018). These observations raise a substantial risk of increasing acreage of these improved cultivars in Africa.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Genetic diversity and population structure ofBrachiaria brizantha(A.Rich.) Stapf accessions from Ethiopia

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Kyalo

Mutai

et al. 2019

African Journal of Range & Forage Science

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Brachiaria (Trin.) Griseb., consisting of over 100 species, is distributed across the tropics, particularly tropical Africa (Renvoize et al. 1996). Seven Brachiaria species of African origins-B. arrecta, B. brizantha, B. decumbens, B. dictyoneura, B. humidocila, B. mutica and B. ruziziensis-are used for pasture production (Keller-Grein et al. 1996). Brachiaria produces a high amount of quality biomass and improves livestock productivity (Reid et al. 1973; Jotee 1988; Holmann et al. 2004). Moreover, Brachiaria is adapted to drought and low-fertility soils, sequesters carbon, enhances nitrogen use efficiency, and subsequently minimises eutrophication and greenhouse gas emission (Subbarao et al. 2009; Arango et al. 2014; Moreta et al. 2014). Brachiaria is the most extensively cultivated tropical forage in monoculture supporting millions of livestock across the globe with an acreage of over 99 million ha in Brazil alone (Jank et al. 2014). The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) and Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) developed some improved Brachiaria cultivars (Argel and Keller-Grein 1996) for the tropical Americas. Evaluations of eight improved Brachiaria cultivars in Kenya revealed

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Section: 32%supporting

confidence: 78%

Section: 32%contrasting

confidence: 60%

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confidence: 98%

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Genetic diversity and population structure ofBrachiaria brizantha(A.Rich.) Stapf accessions from Ethiopia

Tegegn

Kyalo

Mutai

et al. 2019

African Journal of Range & Forage Science

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“…Several authors have also reported that Mulato II cultivar shows high DMY production (Nguku et al 2016); has excellent herbage production performance and benefits to livestock productivity (Peters et al 2012;Ondabu et al 2017). In addition, the advantages of using the Brachiaria genus in the integrated systems is that the species produce abundant roots which contribute to the collection of water, soil aggregation and aeration (Kluthcouski et al 2004).…”

Section: Planting and Harvesting Seasons Of Brachiaria Grassmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessments of farmers′ perception and utilization status of Brachiaria grass in selected areas of Ethiopia

et al. 2018

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Adnew W, Tsegay BA, Tassew A, Asmare B. 2018. Assessments of farmers′ perception and utilization status of Brachiaria grass in selected areas of Ethiopia. Biodiversitas 19: 955-966. The study was conducted to evaluate farmers′ perception and utilization status of Brachiaria grass in selected areas of Ethiopia. It was done between April and June 2017. The study employed a multistage sampling method based on the level of distribution of Brachiaria grass as push-pull technology and animal feeds. Respondent farmers were selected purposely based on their practice of Brachiaria grass production and use. A total of 280 household heads, 160 from Oromiya and 120 from Amhara regions, proportionally selected were interviewed. The average land holding per household was 1.79±1.73 hectares and average household size was 6.60±1.99 persons. Identified constraints of forage production were ranked as land shortage (1st), free grazing (2nd), lack and high cost of planting materials (3rd), poor extension service (4th), drought (5th), and lack of awareness (6th). Of the problems, the finding indicated that feed shortage during long dry season (77.0%) is a critical problem. From total respondents, 96.1% faced feed shortage for their livestock at least once a year. Major constraints to improve forage production were ranked as land shortage, unmanaged grazing, lack of grass planting materials, poor extension service and drought, orderly. All respondents (100%) from Oromiya and 52.1% of respondents from Amhara have got training about use of Brachiaria grass. Majority of the respondents (97.3%) believed that Brachiaria grass is much productive compared to other grasses. Overall, the study showed that training to farmers and adequate provision of extension services on the use of Brachiaria grass are necessary to exploit the potential of the grass in the study districts as well as the country at large.

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“…These markers are proven to be the most suitable for the genetic diversity studies in Brachiaria grass and other forages [1,18,[27][28][29][30][31]. This study has set up a national collection of Brachiaria ecotypes in Uganda, documented natural genetic diversity and population structure of ecotypes, and recognized the merits of these ecotypes in Brachiaria grass conservation and improvement programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) Ecotypes from Uganda

et al. 2020

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Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) grass is an important tropical forage of African origin that supports millions of livestock and wildlife in the tropics. Overgrazing, conversion of grasslands for crop production and non-agricultural uses, and the introduction of improved forages have threatened the natural diversity of Brachiaria grass in Uganda. This study established a national collection of Brachiaria ecotypes in Uganda and analyzed them for genetic diversity and population structure using 24 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. These markers had a high discriminating ability with an average polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.89 and detected 584 alleles in 99 ecotypes. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a high within populations variance (98%) indicating a high gene exchange or low genetic differentiation (PhiPT = 00.016) among the ecotype populations. The Bayesian model based clustering algorithm showed three allelic pools in Ugandan ecotypes. The principal component analysis (PCA) of ecotypes, and Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree of ecotypes and six commercial cultivars showed three main groups with variable membership coefficients. About 95% of ecotype pairs had Rogers’ genetic distance above 0.75, suggesting most of them were distantly related. This study confirms the high value of these ecotypes in Brachiaria grass conservation and improvement programs in Uganda and elsewhere.

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Molecular Characterizations of Kenyan Brachiaria Grass Ecotypes with Microsatellite (SSR) Markers

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Genetic diversity and population structure ofBrachiaria brizantha(A.Rich.) Stapf accessions from Ethiopia

Genetic diversity and population structure ofBrachiaria brizantha(A.Rich.) Stapf accessions from Ethiopia

Assessments of farmers′ perception and utilization status of Brachiaria grass in selected areas of Ethiopia

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) Ecotypes from Uganda

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