Molecular characterization of two novel echovirus 18 recombinants associated with hand-foot-mouth disease

Abstract

Human echovirus 18 (E-18) is a member of the enterovirus B species. To date, sixteen full-length genome sequences of E-18 are available in the GenBank database. In this study, we describe the complete genomic characterization of two E-18 strains isolated in Yunnan, China. Pairwise comparisons of the nucleotide sequences and the deduced amino acid sequences revealed that the two Yunnan E-18 strains had 87.5% nucleotide identity and 96.3–96.5% amino acid identity with the Chinese strain. Phylogenetic and bootscanning analyses revealed the two E-18 strains had the highest identity with other several EV-B serotypes than the other E-18 strains in the P3 coding region, especially, 3B region of the Swine Vesicular disease virus (SVDV) strain HK70, indicated that frequent intertypic recombination might have occurred in the two Yunnan strains. This study contributes the complete genome sequences of E-18 to the GenBank database and provides valuable information on the molecular epidemiology of E-18 in China.

Genetic diversity of the enteroviruses detected from Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples of patients with suspected aseptic meningitis in northern West Bank, Palestine in 2017

“…HEV types in clusters IV and V may have circulated during a limited period and then disappeared. Similar results reported a genetic divergence in the complete VP1 gene of the E18 that resulted in the formation of five phylogenetic clusters [40]. These viruses were reported recently from China, India, South Korea, Australia,…”

“…The present study showed that E18 and CVB5 were the most predominant genotypes, representing, 50% and 34.6% respectively. Several recent studies in Germany, Taiwan, Korea, and China reported that both E18 and CVB5 were the most predominant HEVs reported from sporadic and outbreak cases of aseptic meningitis [13, 15-16, 40].…”

“…Netherlands, Germany, Sweden, Russia and France [40]. Phylogenetic analysis of partial or complete VP1 gene of E11, E30, E13, and E6 of the HEV-B species revealed high genetic diversity showing several clusters and sub-clusters [40]. Accordingly, such data indicate that the same HEV genotype may circulate in different geographies at different times.…”

Molecular characterization of Coxsackievirus A16 strains isolated from children with severe hand, foot, and mouth disease in Yunnan, Southwest China, during 2009‐2015

“…16 The potential intertypic and interspecies recombination generally occurred in the nonstructural and UTRs, 9 and recombination plays important roles in the evolution of enteroviruses. 17 Thus, the whole genome could sufficiently reflect the genetic relationships between the different CV-A16 subgenotypes and is similar to EV-A71 subgenotype identification. However, the complete genome of CV-A16, which is longer (about 7400 nts in length), is not commonly used for genotyping studies.…”

“…In addition, for enterovirus, the nonstructural proteins and UTR regions have various functions in viral replication and are usually phylogenetically informative . The potential intertypic and interspecies recombination generally occurred in the nonstructural and UTRs, and recombination plays important roles in the evolution of enteroviruses . Thus, the whole genome could sufficiently reflect the genetic relationships between the different CV‐A16 subgenotypes and is similar to EV‐A71 subgenotype identification.…”