Molecular characterization of two different strains of haemotropic mycoplasmas from a sheep flock with fatal haemolytic anaemia and concomitant Anaplasma ovis infection

Hornok, Sándor; Meli, Marina L.; András, Erdos; Hajtós, I.; Lutz, Hans; Hofmann‐Lehmann, Regina

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.10.031

Cited by 46 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…M. ovis is prevalent all over the world, but 'Candidatus M. haemovis', a new ovine hemoplasma, has only been reported in Hungary [5]. In the present study, both M. ovis and 'Candidatus M. haemovis' were detected in the peripheral blood of a sheep with severe anemia using PCR analysis and TA cloning.…”

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confidence: 44%

“…M. ovis also causes a more severe disease in goats [7]. Recently 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis', a new ovine hemoplasma, has been detected in Hungary [5]. This is the first case report to describe M. ovis and 'Candidatus M. haemovis' coinfection in a sheep presenting with severe anemia in Japan.…”

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confidence: 79%

“…, Toshihiko TAKEUCHI 1) ,Tetsuro FUJISAWA 1) , Yasuhiro KONNO 3) , Shinji YAMAMOTO 4) Kotaro MATSUMOTO 1) , Naoaki YOKOYAMA 5) and Hisashi INOKUMA 2) United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan 3) Hidaka Livestock Hygiene Center, Shizunai Asahimachi, Shin-Hidaka, Hokkaido, 056-0003, Japan 4) Sorachi Livestock Hygiene Center, 12-37, Okayama-Cho, Iwamizawa, Hokkaido, 079-0181, Japan ABSTRACT. A 2-year-old East Friesian sheep imported from Australia exhibited severe anemia after contagious pustular dermatitis in Hokkaido, Japan.…”

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A Clinical Case of Severe Anemia in a Sheep Coinfected with Mycoplasma ovis and Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis' in Hokkaido, Japan

et al. 2012

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ABSTRACT. A 2-year-old East Friesian sheep imported from Australia exhibited severe anemia after contagious pustular dermatitis in Hokkaido, Japan. Hemoplasma infection was confirmed in blood smears. Both Mycoplasma ovis and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis' were detected by PCR and sequence analyses. In the epidemiological analysis, dual pathogens were detected in 6 of 12 (50.0%) sheep imported from Australia with the infected ewe at the same time, 1 of 5 (20.0%) sheep introduced from a domestic farm in Hokkaido, and in 1 of 16 (6.3%) sheep from an epidemiologically unrelated ranch. It is the first clinical case of sheep to confirm coinfection of these pathogens in Japan. Haemobartonella and Eperythrozoon cause infectious anemia in several mammalian species [8,17]. These pathogens have recently been reclassified as genus Mycoplasma on the basis of 16S rRNA gene analysis and morphological similarities [8]. Mycoplasma ovis (formerly Eperythrozoon ovis) causes ovine hemoplasmosis, which is characterized by poor weight gain, severe anemia, and even mortality in lambs and, occasionally, young adult sheep [1]. On the other hand, chronic sustained infection can occur asymptomatically in older sheep [4]. M. ovis also causes a more severe disease in goats [7]. Recently 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis', a new ovine hemoplasma, has been detected in Hungary [5]. This is the first case report to describe M. ovis and 'Candidatus M. haemovis' coinfection in a sheep presenting with severe anemia in Japan.A 2-year-old East Friesian ewe imported from Australia in July 2009 showed contagious pustular dermatitis a month after import. Because anorexia continued after recovery, a blood test was carried out. Severe anemia with hematocrit of 14% was recorded. Erythrocytes with coccoid parasites on their surface were detected in a blood smear (Fig. 1), which strongly suggested infectious hemoplasma. An EDTA-anticoagulated blood sample was collected from the infected ewe. For the epidemiological study, blood was randomly collected from 12 sheep imported from Australia with the infected ewe at the same time, and were managed at a same sheep building until an investigation and, 5 sheep introduced from a domestic farm in Hokkaido. Additionally blood samples were also collected from 16 sheep kept in an epidemiologically unrelated ranch. It was geographically apart from the first ranch, and no movement of sheep has been recorded between the two ranches.Total DNA was extracted from 200 μl of blood using a QIAamp DNA Blood Mini Kit (QIAGEN, Hilden, Germany) and stored at -30ºC until use. For screening, PCR amplification was performed in a 25 μl reaction mixture containing 5 μl of each DNA template and an F2/R2 hemoplasma-specific primer set [6]. Longer 16S rRNA * CORRESPONDENCE TO: INOKUMA, H., Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, 080-8555 Obihiro, Japan. e-mail: inokuma@obihiro.ac.jp ©2012 The Japanese Society of Veterinary Science Fig. 1. Giemsa-stained blood smear from the anemic sheep with Mycoplasma ovis and 'Candidat...

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A Clinical Case of Severe Anemia in a Sheep Coinfected with Mycoplasma ovis and Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis' in Hokkaido, Japan

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“…Besides, this diagnostic method may misidentify the hemoplasmas as HowellJolly bodies, since the both appear frequently after splenectomy, associate with anemia, and contain DNA. Currently only two hemoplasma species, Mycoplasma ovis (previously known as Eperythrozoon ovis) [5] and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis' [3] are recognized in sheep (Ovis aries). Although M. ovis infection among sheep is prevalent throughout the world, 'Candidatus M. haemovis' has not been detected in Japan so far.…”

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“…'Candidatus M. haemovis' was first demonstrated from a sheep flock with fatal hemolytic anemia in Hungary [3].…”

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Molecular Identification of 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis' in Sheep with Hemolytic Anemia

et al. 2011

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ABSTRACT. We examined the presence of hemoplasmas, hemotropic mycoplasmas, among 11 sheep (Ovis aries) with regenerative and hemolytic anemia and found six of them were positive by real-time PCR. The positive samples were then subjected to conventional PCR for direct sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Nucleotide sequences of all the positive samples were identified as the 16S rRNA gene of 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis' by phylogenetic analysis, demonstrating the infections with this particular hemoplasma species in Japan.KEY WORDS: hemoplasma, mycoplasma, ovine, rRNA, sheep.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 73(8): 1113-1115, 2011 Hemoplasmas are tiny epierythrocytic prokaryotes that lack a cell wall like other mycoplasmas and are susceptible to tetracyclines, but have never been cultured in vitro. Infections may lead to hemolytic anemia in animals, but veterinary investigation had been hampered by the lack of appropriate diagnostic procedures. Although most studies relied on cytological identification of the organisms on blood smears, this method has a low diagnostic sensitivity and cannot differentiate the species [4]. Besides, this diagnostic method may misidentify the hemoplasmas as HowellJolly bodies, since the both appear frequently after splenectomy, associate with anemia, and contain DNA. Currently only two hemoplasma species, Mycoplasma ovis (previously known as Eperythrozoon ovis) [5] and 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis ' [3] are recognized in sheep (Ovis aries). Although M. ovis infection among sheep is prevalent throughout the world, 'Candidatus M. haemovis' has not been detected in Japan so far. In the present study we investigated an outbreak of infection with 'Candidatus M. haemovis' in anemic sheep on an experimental farm in Iwate University, Morioka (latitude 39.7N and longitude 141.1E), Japan.The disease manifested between October and December of 2010, and mainly affected yearlings, which were purchased from a commercial farm in the Iwate prefecture. Hematological examination was carried out on 11 animals with mild regenerative anemia and blood smears were prepared for Giemsa staining. Small, coccoid, epicellular parasites were detected on erythocytes by microscopic examination of the Giemsa-stained blood smears (Fig. 1). Hematocrit, hemoglobin, and red blood cells values of these animals were 9.6 to 25.7%, 2.5 to 7.1 g/dl, and 350 to 800  10 4 /dl, respectively, being below the normal ranges.

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Mycoplasma

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et al. 2018

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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My.co.plas'ma. Gr. masc. n. myces a fungus; Gr. neut. n. plasma something formed or molded, a form; N.L. neut. n. Mycoplasma fungus form. Tenericutes / Mollicutes / Mycoplasmatales / Mycoplasmataceae / Mycoplasma Bacteria in the genus Mycoplasma are small (300–800 nm in diameter) pleomorphic cells devoid of a cell wall. Culturable species usually form very small (<1 mm) umbonate colonies on agar. Their use of the codon UGA to encode tryptophan is a distinctive characteristic of all species examined to date. As a consequence of their small (usually 0.5–1.5 Mb) genomes they have limited intermediary metabolism and are nutritionally fastidious, requiring exogenous sugars or arginine, cholesterol or other sterols, peptides, and free nucleic acids for axenic growth. In nature, all species are obligate commensals or parasites with varying degrees of specificity for a wide range of vertebrate hosts. The type species Mycoplasma mycoides subsp. mycoides and Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae are highly virulent animal pathogens subject to strict international regulations, but the genus is perhaps better known for Mycoplasma pneumoniae , the agent of primary atypical “walking” pneumonia in humans. The relative biological simplicity of mycoplasmas confers significant advantages for current proteomics, metabolomics, synthetic genomics, and systems biology research. For example, the recent chemical synthesis and transplantation of intact chromosomes demonstrated that it is possible to enliven a mycoplasma fully capable of autonomous replication with an artificially constructed genome. DNA G + C content ( mol %): 23–40. Type species : Mycoplasma mycoides (Borrel, Dujardin‐Beaumetz, Jeantet and Jouan 1910) Freundt 1955, 73 ( Asterococcus mycoides Borrel, Dujardin‐Beaumetz, Jeantet and Jouan 1910, 179).

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Molecular characterization of two different strains of haemotropic mycoplasmas from a sheep flock with fatal haemolytic anaemia and concomitant Anaplasma ovis infection

Cited by 46 publications

References 18 publications

A Clinical Case of Severe Anemia in a Sheep Coinfected with Mycoplasma ovis and Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis' in Hokkaido, Japan

A Clinical Case of Severe Anemia in a Sheep Coinfected with Mycoplasma ovis and Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis' in Hokkaido, Japan

Molecular Identification of 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemovis' in Sheep with Hemolytic Anemia

Mycoplasma

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