Molecular characterization of three intestinal protozoans in hospitalized children with different disease backgrounds in Zhengzhou, central China

Yu, Fuchang; DongFang, Li; Chang, Yankai; Wu, Yayun; Guo, Zhenxin; Jia, Liting; Xu, Jinliang; Li, Junqiang; Qi, Meng; Wang, Rongjun; Zhang, Longxian

doi:10.1186/s13071-019-3800-5

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Among the >17 human-pathogenic species of microsporidia, Enterocytozoon bieneusi is the most common [ 2 , 3 ]. It causes diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised persons [ [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] ]. Among them, AIDS patients and children are especially susceptible to E. bieneusi [ 4 , [9] , [10] , [11] ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another report described the occurrence of the Group 2 genotype BEB6 (reported as SH5) in hospitalized children in Shanghai [ 17 ]. Both J and BEB6 were identified in children attending three hospitals in Zhengzhou [ 6 ]. In addition, several reports showed the occurrence of Group 2 genotypes I, J, BEB4, BEB6, BEB8, BSH, CD6, CM4, CM5, CM7, CM9, CM20, and CM21 in wild or captive nonhuman primates in China [ [24] , [25] , [26] , [27] , [28] ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population genetic analysis suggests genetic recombination is responsible for increased zoonotic potential of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from ruminants in China

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2020

One Health

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Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a zoonotic pathogen with worldwide distribution. Among the 11 established groups of E. bieneusi genotypes based on phylogenetic analysis of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer ( ITS ), the human-infective potential and population genetics of the Group 1 genotypes from diverse hosts are well characterized. In contrast, Group 2 genotypes from ruminants have unclear population genetics, leading to poor understanding of their host range and zoonotic potential. In this study, we sequence-characterized 121 Group 2 isolates from dairy cattle, beef cattle, yaks, Tibetan sheep, golden takins, and deer from China at five genetic loci ( ITS , MS1, MS3, MS4 and MS7), comparing with data from 113 Group 1 isolates from nonhuman primates. Except for MS7, most of the genetic loci produced efficient PCR amplification and high nucleotide identity between Groups 1 and 2 of E. bieneusi genotypes. In population genetic analyses of the sequence data, a strong linkage disequilibrium was observed among these genetic loci in the overall Group 2 population. The individual ITS genotypes (I, J and BEB4) within Group 2, however, had reduced linkage disequilibrium and increased genetic exchanges among isolates. There was only partial genetic differentiation between Group 1 and Group 2 genotypes, with some occurrence of genetic recombination between them. Genetic recombination was especially common between genotypes I and J within Group 2. The data presented indicate a high genetic identity between Group 1 and Group 2 genotypes of E. bieneusi , which could be responsible for the broad host range and high zoonotic potential of Group 2 genotypes in China. As there is no effective treatment against E. bieneusi , the One Health approach should be used in the control and prevention of zoonotic transmission of the pathogen.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population genetic analysis suggests genetic recombination is responsible for increased zoonotic potential of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from ruminants in China

Zhang

Huang

et al. 2020

One Health

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“…Among these assemblages, assemblages A and B are considered to be zoonotic, while other assemblages are mostly host specific [1]. In addition, assemblage E is the dominant genotype of G. lamblia occurring in cattle [5][6][7][8], and zoonotic assemblages A and B have also been identified in cattle and humans in some studies [9][10][11][12][13]. However, there are some studies that have found assemblage E existing in human cases [5,14,15].…”

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confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Multilocus Genotyping of Giardia lamblia in Cattle in Jiangxi Province, China: Novel Assemblage E Subtypes Identified

Zou

Zhang

et al. 2020

Korean J Parasitol

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Giardia lamblia is a common enteric pathogen associated with diarrheal diseases. There are some reports of G. lamblia infection among different breeds of cattle in recent years worldwide. However, it is yet to know whether cattle in Jiangxi province, southeastern China is infected with G. lamblia. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the prevalence and examine the multilocus genotypes of G. lamblia in cattle in Jiangxi province. A total of 556 fecal samples were collected from 3 cattle breeds (dairy cattle, beef cattle, and buffalo) in Jiangxi province, and the prevalence and genotypes of G. lamblia were determined by the nested PCR amplification of the beta-giardin (bg) gene. A total of 52 samples (9.2%) were positive for G. lamblia. The highest prevalence of G. lamblia was detected in dairy cattle (20.0%), followed by that in beef cattle (6.4%), and meat buffalo (0.9%). Multilocus sequence typing of G. lamblia was performed based on sequences of the bg, triose phosphate isomerase and glutamate dehydrogenase loci, and 22, 42, and 52 samples were amplifiable, respectively, forming 15 MLGs. Moreover, one mixed G. lamblia infection (assemblages A and E) was found in the present study. Altogether, 6 novel assemblage E subtypes (E41*-E46*) were identified for the first time. These results not only provided baseline data for the control of G. lamblia infection in cattle in this southeastern province of China, but also enriched the molecular epidemiological data and genetic diversity of G. lamblia in cattle.

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“…In China, genotype D was the most prevalent genotype discovered in 17 samples from symptomatic children, HIV-positive patients, and HIVnegative individuals. Furthermore, genotype D was observed in not less than 15 animal species, river water and wastewater [40] . Our results agree with other studies that reported the zoonotic potential of genotype D [32,40,41] , and that it is a non host specific genotype with a broad host and geographic range [42,43] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Intestinal microsporidiosis: prevalence and genetic study of Egyptian isolates

Abdel-Baki

M.Sc.

Hameed

et al. 2020

Parasitologists United Journal

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Background: Diagnosis of microsporidiosis is difficult due to its small size needing special stains and identification by an expert. Nowadays, application of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) made diagnosis more sensitive, specific and easier. Objectives: To update the prevalence of intestinal microsporidia and to clarify their genotype patterns in symptomatic and asymptomatic immune compromised and immune competent cases. Patients and Methods: Totally, 323 stool samples were collected and subdivided as 173 from immune compromised (group I) and 150 from immune competent (group II) individuals. Samples were examined for microsporidiosis by light microscopy smears stained by Weber's modified trichrome (WMT) and modified Ziehl Neelsen (MZN), as well as by nested and RFLP PCR techniques. Results: Microsporidial spores were microscopically detected in 45/323 (13.9%) individuals; 25/173 (14.5%) immune compromised and 20/150 (13.3%) immune competent cases. In the two groups, 25/45 (55.6%) were symptomatic complaining of diarrhea, abdominal pain, distension, mal-digestion and weight loss, with statistical significant difference (P<0.001) between infection and presence of symptoms. Nested and RFLP PCR missed only one positive case, thus scoring 97.8% sensitivity and 100% specificity, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 99.6% and diagnostic accuracy 97.8%. In group I, 5 cases were associated with Enterocytozoon (Ent.) bieneusi, 5 with Encephalitozoon (Enc.) species and 15 had mixed infection. In group II, 6 had Ent. bieneusi, 3 had Enc. species and 10 had mixed infection. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer of rDNA of five samples demonstrated the Ent. bieneusi anthroponotic genotype B and the zoonotic potential for genotypes D and K, in addition to one Enc. intestinalis sequence. Conclusion: Prevalence of microsporidiosis was insignificantly higher in immune compromised than immune competent population. Intestinal microsporidiosis can be manifested by different abdominal symptoms or it can be asymptomatic. PCR technique highlighted that mixed infection with Ent. bieneusi and Encephalitozoon species was the commonest finding among the studied groups. Ent. bieneusi genotypes appeared to be related to animal contact and human infection. This, however, could not be accurately defined due to the limited number of available sequences.

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Molecular characterization of three intestinal protozoans in hospitalized children with different disease backgrounds in Zhengzhou, central China

Cited by 41 publications

References 55 publications

Population genetic analysis suggests genetic recombination is responsible for increased zoonotic potential of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from ruminants in China

Population genetic analysis suggests genetic recombination is responsible for increased zoonotic potential of Enterocytozoon bieneusi from ruminants in China

Prevalence and Multilocus Genotyping of Giardia lamblia in Cattle in Jiangxi Province, China: Novel Assemblage E Subtypes Identified

Intestinal microsporidiosis: prevalence and genetic study of Egyptian isolates

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