Molecular Characterization of the DNA of Anatid Herpesvirus 1

Gardner, R. C.; Wilkerson, Julie; Johnson, James C.

doi:10.1159/000150328

Cited by 49 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…DPV is composed of a linear, double-stranded DNA genome with 64.3% guanine-plus-cytosine content, which is higher than any other reported avian herpesvirus in the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae [11] . Although DPV was previously grouped in the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae [12,13] , it was classified as an unassigned virus in the Herpesviridae family according to the Eighth International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses [14] .…”

mentioning

confidence: 75%

His6-Tagged UL35 Protein of Duck Plague Virus: Expression, Purification, and Production of Polyclonal Antibody

Cai

Cheng²,

Wang³

et al. 2009

Intervirology

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Objective: Duck plague virus (DPV), the causative agent of duck plague (DP), is an alphaherpesvirus that causes an acute, febrile, contagious, and septic disease of waterfowl. UL35 protein (VP26) is a major capsid protein encoded by the UL35 gene, which is located in the unique long (UL) region of the DPV genome. To investigate the specific roles of VP26, the UL35 gene was amplified from the DPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subcloned into pET-32a(+). Methods: The resultant prokaryotic expression vector, pET-32a(+)/UL35, includes an amino-terminal His6 as a fusion partner. Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) competent cells were transformed with the construct and protein expression was subsequently induced by the addition of isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside to the culture medium. Protein lysates were submitted to SDS-PAGE to evaluate recombinant protein expression. Results: The band that corresponded to the predicted protein size (33 kDa) was observed on the SDS-PAGE gel. The recombinant His6-tagged VP26 fusion protein was expressed at a high level in an insoluble form (inclusion bodies) and constituted about 24% of the total cellular protein. Then, the fusion protein was purified to near homogeneity using single-step immobilized metal affinity chromatography on a nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid affinity resin, yielding about 620 mg per liter culture. After purification, New Zealand white rabbits were immunized with purified His6-tagged VP26 in order to raise polyclonal antibody against this recombinant protein. Using the resultant sera, Western blot analysis showed that the recombinant protein was recognized by the polyclonal antibody. Conclusion: Thus, the polyclonal antibody prepared here may serve as a valuable tool to study the functional involvement of VP26 in the DPV life cycle.

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mentioning

confidence: 75%

His6-Tagged UL35 Protein of Duck Plague Virus: Expression, Purification, and Production of Polyclonal Antibody

Cai

Cheng²,

Wang³

et al. 2009

Intervirology

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“…The virus has non-hemagglutinating and non-hemadsorbing properties (Jansen 1961;. Having a diameter of about 120-130 nm, with globular shape, the enveloped Herpesevirus has four structural components that includes a bilayer-lipid envelope, an amorphous tegument, an icosahedral capsid and a linear double-stranded DNA with G+C content of 64.3% or G+C content of 44.9% (Figure 1) (Gardner et al 1993;Yuan et al 2005). The genomes may vary in base composition, sequence arrangements and size.…”

Section: Etiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Duck virus enteritis (duck plague) – a comprehensive update

Dhama

Kumar

Saminathan

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

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Duck virus enteritis (DVE), also called duck plague, is one of the major contagious and fatal diseases of ducks, geese and swan. It is caused by duck enteritis virus (DEV)/Anatid herpesvirus-1 of the genus Mardivirus, family Herpesviridae, and subfamily Alpha-herpesvirinae. Of note, DVE has worldwide distribution, wherein migratory waterfowl plays a crucial role in its transmission within and between continents. Furthermore, horizontal and/ or vertical transmission plays a significant role in disease spread through oral-fecal discharges. Either of sexes from varying age groups of ducks is vulnerable to DVE. The disease is characterized by sudden death, vascular damage and subsequent internal hemorrhage, lesions in lymphoid organs, digestive mucosal eruptions, severe diarrhea and degenerative lesions in parenchymatous organs. Huge economic losses are connected with acute nature of the disease, increased morbidity and mortality (5%-100%), condemnations of carcasses, decreased egg production and hatchability. Although clinical manifestations and histopathology can provide preliminary diagnosis, the confirmatory diagnosis involves virus isolation and detection using serological and molecular tests. For prophylaxis, both live-attenuated and killed vaccines are being used in broiler and breeder ducks above 2 weeks of age. Since DEV is capable of becoming latent as well as shed intermittently, recombinant subunit and DNA vaccines either alone or in combination (polyvalent) are being targeted for its benign prevention. This review describes DEV, epidemiology, transmission, the disease (DVE), pathogenesis, and advances in diagnosis, vaccination and antiviral agents/therapies along with appropriate prevention and control strategies.

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“…The herpes simplex virus (HSV) genome consists of 2 covalently linked components, designated long (L) and short (S), with each component consisting of unique sequences bracketed by inverted repeats [8] . DEV has a genome of approximately 180 kb [9] . The complete gene sequences of the unique long (UL) region have been sequenced and determined in our laboratory [10][11][12][13][14] , and several other genes in the unique short (US) region have also been reported [15][16][17] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique Sequence Characteristics of Genes in the Leftmost Region of Unique Long Region in Duck Enteritis Virus

Liu

Liu²,

Li³

et al. 2009

Intervirology

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Objective: Our objective was to further understand the evolutionary position of duck enteritis virus (DEV) in the family Herpesviridae and to determine the genomic structure in the leftmost region of the unique long region (UL) of DEV. Methods: ‘Targeted gene walking PCR’ was used to amplify the unknown gene of DEV clone-03 strain adjacent to known sequences in the UL region. Open reading frames (ORFs) were determined by Gene Runner and an online transcriptional element search engine. The phylogenetic tree was constructed by DNAStar based on the deduced amino acid sequences. Results: A fragment of 13,947 bp, containing 5 ORFs (designated ICP4, ORF1, ORF2, LORF2 and LORF3, respectively), was amplified from the DEV clone-03 strain genome. In addition, a tandem repeat region of α-type-like sequences was detected between ICP4 and LORF2. Phylogenetic analysis of ICP4 indicated that DEV ICP4 should be clustered into Varicellovirus. DEV ORF1 and ORF2 were unique among herpesviruses. Additionally, the existence and characteristics of LORF2 and LORF3 indicated a close relationship with Mardivirus members. Conclusion: The characteristics and gene content in the leftmost end of the UL region of the DEV genome showed that the DEV genome is different from those of other herpesviruses.

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Molecular Characterization of the DNA of Anatid Herpesvirus 1

Cited by 49 publications

References 37 publications

His6-Tagged UL35 Protein of Duck Plague Virus: Expression, Purification, and Production of Polyclonal Antibody

His6-Tagged UL35 Protein of Duck Plague Virus: Expression, Purification, and Production of Polyclonal Antibody

Duck virus enteritis (duck plague) – a comprehensive update

Unique Sequence Characteristics of Genes in the Leftmost Region of Unique Long Region in Duck Enteritis Virus

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