Unique Sequence Characteristics of Genes in the Leftmost Region of Unique Long Region in Duck Enteritis Virus

Liu, Xiaoli; Liu, Shengwang; Li, Huixin; Han, Zongxi; Shao, Yufeng; Kong, Xiangang

doi:10.1159/000235742

Cited by 9 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…The genes and their arrangements in the DEV UL region have been reported by our laboratory [19-23]. Our results have demonstrated that DEV UL26 and UL26.5 , two nested in-frame genes, encode a capsid maturation protease and the minor capsid scaffold protein of DEV [20].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…The mAb 1C8-defined epitope sequences and flanking sequences of DEV were compared with those of 14 other selected herpesviruses of the Alphaherpesvirinae using the MEGALIGN program in Lasergene (DNAStar) with CLUSTAL W multiple alignments, as described previously [23]. The 14 herpesviruses used in this study were as follows: equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) (NC_001491), equine herpesvirus 4 (EHV-4) (AF030027), pseudorabies virus (PRV) (BK001744), varicella-zoster virus (VZV) (NC_001348), bovine herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) (AJ004801), bovine herpesvirus 5 (BHV-5) (AY261359), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) (X14112), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) (NC_001798), cercopithecine herpesvirus 1 (CeHV-1) (NC_004812), cercopithecine herpesvirus 2 (CeHV-2) (NC_006560), Marek's disease virus 1 (MDV-1) (AF243438), Marek's disease virus 2 (MDV-2) (AB049735), turkey herpesvirus (HVT) (AF291866), and infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) (NC_006623).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of a novel linear B-cell epitope in the UL26 and UL26.5 proteins of Duck Enteritis Virus

Liu

Han

Shao

et al. 2010

Virol J

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BackgroundThe Unique Long 26 (UL26) and UL26.5 proteins of herpes simplex virus are known to function during the assembly of the viruses. However, for duck enteritis virus (DEV), which is an unassigned member of the family Herpesviridae, little information is available about the function of the two proteins. In this study, the C-terminus of DEV UL26 protein (designated UL26c), which contains the whole of UL26.5, was expressed, and the recombinant UL26c protein was used to immunize BALB/c mice to generate monoclonal antibodies (mAb). The mAb 1C8 was generated against DEV UL26 and UL26.5 proteins and used subsequently to map the epitope in this region. Both the mAb and its defined epitope will provide potential tools for further study of DEV.ResultsA mAb (designated 1C8) was generated against the DEV UL26c protein, and a series of 17 partially overlapping fragments that spanned the DEV UL26c were expressed with GST tags. These peptides were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blotting analysis using mAb 1C8 to identify the epitope. A linear motif, 520IYYPGE525, which was located at the C-terminus of the DEV UL26 and UL26.5 proteins, was identified by mAb 1C8. The result of the ELISA showed that this epitope could be recognized by DEV-positive serum from mice. The 520IYYPGE525 motif was the minimal requirement for reactivity, as demonstrated by analysis of the reactivity of 1C8 with several truncated peptides derived from the motif. Alignment and comparison of the 1C8-defined epitope sequence with those of other alphaherpesviruses indicated that the motif 521YYPGE525 in the epitope sequence was conserved among the alphaherpesviruses.ConclusionA mAb, 1C8, was generated against DEV UL26c and the epitope-defined minimal sequence obtained using mAb 1C8 was 520IYYPGE525. The mAb and the identified epitope may be useful for further study of the design of diagnostic reagents for DEV.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a novel linear B-cell epitope in the UL26 and UL26.5 proteins of Duck Enteritis Virus

Liu

Han

Shao

et al. 2010

Virol J

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“…Beside diagnostics, the rapidity, sensitivity and specificity of these assays could provide a suitable tool towards understanding the epizootology of DP (Hansen et al 1999;Pritchard et al 1999;Hansen et al 2000;Sandhu & Shawky 2003;Cheng et al 2004). DEV-specific DNA segments can be amplified from infected cell culture supernatant and tissues from esophagus, liver, kidney and spleen (Plummer et al 1998;Thayer & Beard 1998;Hansen et al 1999Hansen et al , 2000Pritchard et al 1999;Yang et al 2005;Xuefeng et al 2008;Liu et al 2009;Qi, Yang, Cheng, Wang, Guo, and Jia 2009;Wu et al 2011b;Lin et al 2013). Plummer et al (1998) diagnosed the DEV by targeting the highly conserved domain of the UL6 gene.…”

Section: Molecular Diagnosis Of Devmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duck virus enteritis (duck plague) – a comprehensive update

Dhama

Kumar

Saminathan

et al. 2017

Veterinary Quarterly

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Duck virus enteritis (DVE), also called duck plague, is one of the major contagious and fatal diseases of ducks, geese and swan. It is caused by duck enteritis virus (DEV)/Anatid herpesvirus-1 of the genus Mardivirus, family Herpesviridae, and subfamily Alpha-herpesvirinae. Of note, DVE has worldwide distribution, wherein migratory waterfowl plays a crucial role in its transmission within and between continents. Furthermore, horizontal and/ or vertical transmission plays a significant role in disease spread through oral-fecal discharges. Either of sexes from varying age groups of ducks is vulnerable to DVE. The disease is characterized by sudden death, vascular damage and subsequent internal hemorrhage, lesions in lymphoid organs, digestive mucosal eruptions, severe diarrhea and degenerative lesions in parenchymatous organs. Huge economic losses are connected with acute nature of the disease, increased morbidity and mortality (5%-100%), condemnations of carcasses, decreased egg production and hatchability. Although clinical manifestations and histopathology can provide preliminary diagnosis, the confirmatory diagnosis involves virus isolation and detection using serological and molecular tests. For prophylaxis, both live-attenuated and killed vaccines are being used in broiler and breeder ducks above 2 weeks of age. Since DEV is capable of becoming latent as well as shed intermittently, recombinant subunit and DNA vaccines either alone or in combination (polyvalent) are being targeted for its benign prevention. This review describes DEV, epidemiology, transmission, the disease (DVE), pathogenesis, and advances in diagnosis, vaccination and antiviral agents/therapies along with appropriate prevention and control strategies.

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“…The fragment contained part of the sequence of the LORF11 gene [12], the rightmost part of the L region, the US region and its flanking sequences, and inverted repeats of the short region (IRS and TRS). The L region and IRS were interrupted by a set of tandem repeat sequences designated as α-type-like sequences [13], as in the case of the two regions in herpes simplex virus (HSV) [19]. Another α-type-like sequence was also found at the end of the TRS in the DEV genome.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genomic sequences of DEV have been reported recently by several Chinese research groups; however, discrepancies were found among these reports [8-18]. Genes in the UL region of DEV and their arrangement have been reported by our laboratory, and the results generally showed more similarity with Mardiviruses [8-13]. Another report showed that the LORF11 gene of the VAC strain is located at the leftmost end of the DEV genome, and that the LORF11 gene encoded a putative protein of 275 amino acids in the VAC strain [14]; both of these results differ from our previous results [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Different linkages in the long and short regions of the genomes of duck enteritis virus Clone-03 and VAC Strains

Liu

Han

Shao

et al. 2011

Virol J

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BackgroundDuck enteritis virus (DEV) is an unassigned member in the family Herpesviridae. To demonstrate further the evolutionary position of DEV in the family Herpesviridae, we have described a 42,897-bp fragment. We demonstrated novel genomic organization at one end of the long (L) region and in the entire short (S) region in the Clone-03 strain of DEV.ResultsA 42,897-bp fragment located downstream of the LOFR11 gene was amplified from the Clone-03 strain of DEV by using 'targeted gene walking PCR'. Twenty-two open reading frames (ORFs) were predicted and determined in the following order: 5'-LORF11-RLORF1-ORF1-ICP4-S1-S2-US1-US10-SORF3-US2-MDV091.5-like-US3-US4-US5-US6-US7-US8-ORFx-US1-S2-S1-ICP4 -3'. This was different from that of the published VAC strain, both in the linkage of the L region and S region, and in the length of the US10 and US7 proteins. The MDV091.5-like gene, ORFx gene, S1 gene and S2 gene were first observed in the DEV genome. The lengths of DEV US10 and US7 were determined to be 311 and 371 amino acids, respectively, in the Clone-03 strain of DEV, and these were different from those of other strains. The comparison of genomic organization in the fragment studied herein with those of other herpesviruses showed that DEV possesses some unique characteristics, such as the duplicated US1 at each end of the US region, and the US5, which showed no homology with those of other herpesviruses. In addition, the results of phylogenetic analysis of ORFs in the represented fragment indicated that DEV is closest to its counterparts VZV (Varicellovirus) and other avian herpesviruses.ConclusionThe molecular characteristics of the 42,897-bp fragment of Clone-03 have been found to be different from those of the VAC strain. The phylogenetic analysis of genes in this region showed that DEV should be a separate member of the subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae.

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Unique Sequence Characteristics of Genes in the Leftmost Region of Unique Long Region in Duck Enteritis Virus

Cited by 9 publications

References 51 publications

Identification of a novel linear B-cell epitope in the UL26 and UL26.5 proteins of Duck Enteritis Virus

Identification of a novel linear B-cell epitope in the UL26 and UL26.5 proteins of Duck Enteritis Virus

Duck virus enteritis (duck plague) – a comprehensive update

Different linkages in the long and short regions of the genomes of duck enteritis virus Clone-03 and VAC Strains

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