Molecular characterization of seven novel Glu-A1^mx alleles from Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum

Abstract

Seven Glu-A1 m allelic variants of the Glu-A1 m x genes in Triticum monococcum ssp. monococcum, designated as 1Ax2.1 a , 1Ax2.1 b , 1Ax2.1 c , 1Ax2.1 d , 1Ax2.1 e , 1Ax2.1 f , and 1Ax2.1 g were characterized. Their authenticity was confirmed by successful expression of the coding regions in E. coli, and except for the 1Ax2.1 a with the presence of internal stop codons at position of 313 aa , all correspond to the subunit in seeds. However, all the active six genes had a same DNA size although their encoding subunits showed different molecular weight. Our study indicated that amino acid residue substitutions rather than previously frequently reported insertions/deletions played an important role on the subunit evolution of these Glu-A1 m x alleles. Since variation in the Glu-A1x locus in common wheat is rare, these novel genes at the Glu-A1 m x can be used as candidate genes for further wheat quality improvement.

Progress in tetraploid wheat breeding through the use of synthetic hexaploid amphiploids

“…110 through SHW8A-Tb. Li et al (2016) suggested that such HMW-GS variations in ancestral species provided candidate genes for further wheat quality improvement. Durum variety Severina expressed a subunit 1Axnull, which was present in 2 families (G32 and G33), selected from SHW5A-Tb/Severina cross, while G34 possessed 1Ax2* inherited from T. boeoticum through SHW5A-Tb.…”

“…110 showed resistance to both investigated powdery mildew and leaf rust, thus being estimated as valuable resource for wheat improvement and involved in creation of several amphiploids. Li et al (2016) detected eight Glu-A1x alleles in T. monococcum ssp. monococcum, and five from them were novel (Glu-A1 m -b, Glu-A1 m -c, Glu-A1 m -d, Glu-A1 m -g and Glu-A1 m -h).…”

Development and identification of new syntheticT. turgidum–T. monococcumamphiploids

“…Sixty T. turgidum and 83 T. monococcum accessions with diverse geographic origins (Zhang et al ., 2008; Li et al ., 2016) were used in this study. Lines with PI or CItr prefixes were kindly provided by USDA-ARS, USA while AS lines were obtained from the Sichuan Agricultural University.…”

“…All 83 T. monococcum accessions used were T. monococcum ssp. monococcum (Zhang et al ., 2008; Li et al ., 2016).…”

“…T. monococcum ssp. monococcum has useful traits for bread wheat improvement, such as high-protein content (Tranquilli et al ., 2002), diverse Glu-A1 m x alleles (Li et al ., 2016, 2017), tolerance to cold stress (Aslan et al ., 2016), resistance to preharvest sprouting (Sodkiewicz, 2002) and high resistance to diseases (Mikhova, 1988; Hussien et al ., 1998; Chhuneja et al ., 2008; Rouse and Jin, 2011a, b; Schmolke et al ., 2012; Zaharieva and Monneveux, 2014). Moreover, its high tocol and carotenoid contents make it a promising source for functional food production (Brandolini et al ., 2008).…”