Molecular characterization of mu class glutathione-S-transferase from disk abalone (Haliotis discus discus), a potential biomarker of endocrine-disrupting chemicals

Expression profiles of seven glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes from Venerupis philippinarum exposed to heavy metals and benzo[a]pyrene

“…Owing to the sensitive response of mRNA expression to diverse forms of stressors, changes in mRNA expression of cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferases, superoxide dismutase, heat shock proteins, metallothioneins and vitellogenin have been frequently used for the diagnosis of environmental contamination (Hoarau et al, 2006;Sarkar et al, 2006;Gao et al, 2007). Since GST play important roles in detoxification pathways and in the oxidative stress response, GSTs have been investigated widely in ecotoxicology and marine pollution assessment (Boutet et al, 2004;Hoarau et al, 2006;Rhee et al, 2007;Lee et al, 2008;Wan et al, 2008aWan et al, , 2008bWan et al, , 2009Kim et al, 2010;Nail and Choi, 2011;Won et al, 2011). However, as a biomonitor in marine environmental monitoring, the information about various classes of V. philippinarum GSTs and their spatial and temporal expression profiles to heavy metals and B[a]P exposure is currently unavailable.…”

“…Our previous studies had demonstrated that this species exhibited distinct biochemical and genetic responses when exposed to heavy metals and B[a]P Wang et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2011aZhang et al, , 2011b, possessing the requisite features of a promising indicator species. Because GST isoenzymes were considered useful biomarkers in mollusk species (Boutet et al, 2004;Hoarau et al, 2006;Wan et al, 2008aWan et al, , 2008bWan et al, , 2009, investigation on the expression profiles of VpGSTs isoforms to specific environmental pollutants would be helpful to identify potential biomarkers for future environmental biomonitoring. To our knowledge, only one GST-pi gene was cloned and characterized from V. philippinarum (Xu et al, 2010).…”

Molecular cloning and differential expression patterns of sigma and omega glutathione S-transferases from Venerupis philippinarum to heavy metals and benzo[a]pyrene exposure

“…Recently, gene expression has been acknowledged as an effective approach to biomonitor environmental contamination in many marine mollusks (Boutet et al, 2003;Dondero et al, 2005;Wan et al, 2008bWan et al, , 2009. Based on the mRNA expression profi le data, it was possible to estimate chemical exposure and evaluate the risk of exposed contaminants (Lee et al, 2008).…”

“…Generally, the detoxifi cation mechanisms of GSTs lie in the conjugation of reduced glutathione with exogenous and endogenous toxic compounds or their metabolites to increase the hydrophilicity and facilitate the excretion of toxicants (Ketterer et al, 1983). The mRNA expressions of GST isoforms have been demonstrated to be inducible or repressed upon exposure to potentially toxic compounds, such as heavy metals, pesticides, tributyltin in diverse organisms (Boutet et al, 2004;Wang et al, 2006;Lee et al, 2008;Wan et al, 2008aWan et al, , 2008bWan et al, , 2009.…”

“…philippinarum has been considered a good bioindicator in marine and coast ecotoxicology (Liang et al, 2004;Ji et al, 2006;Xu et al, 2010). Presently, several GST sequences have been identifi ed from different mollusk species (Boutet et al, 2004;Wan et al, 2008aWan et al, , 2008bWan et al, , 2009Ren et al, 2009;Xu et al, 2010). However, little information is available on the molecular features and expression profi les of GST in V .…”