Molecular characterization of <scp>C</scp>hlorella cultures of the <scp>N</scp>ational <scp>I</scp>nstitute for <scp>E</scp>nvironmental <scp>S</scp>tudies culture collection with description of <scp>M</scp>icractinium inermum sp. nov., <scp>D</scp>idymogenes sphaerica sp. nov., and <scp>D</scp>idymogenes soliella sp. nov. (<scp>C</scp>hlorellaceae, <scp>T</scp>rebouxiophyceae)

Hoshina, Ryo; Fujiwara, Yuko

doi:10.1111/pre.12010

Cited by 29 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(81 reference statements)

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“…Later, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) uncovered unexpected levels of diversity hidden in the motile, mitotic, and cytokinetic apparatus of green algae (Mattox & Stewart 1984). Most recently, our ability to sequence genes and genomes has exposed the fallacy that unity of form is invariably equivalent to unity of descent (Huss & Sogin 1990;Krienitz et al 2004;Mueller et al 2005;Aslam et al 2007;Pröschold et al 2010;Hoshina & Fujiwara 2013). Thus, much of the history of systematic revision in the green algae is simply a case of cryptic diversity revealed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Morphological diversity masks phylogenetic similarity ofEttliaandHaematococcus(Chlorophyceae)

et al. 2015

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Ettlia is a green algal genus comprised of several economically important species that have contributed to a taxonomic nightmare for phycologists -the recognition that coccoid green algae are polyphyletic on a grand scale. This taxonomic confusion is slowly being resolved with the aid of molecular evidence and, in some cases, new structural data. The most recent investigation using 18S ribosomal (r)DNA data corroborated an extraordinarily close alliance between Haematococcus pluvialis, a predominantly flagellate unicell, and the coccoid alga, Ettlia carotinosa. This putative evolutionary relationship between the green algal species H. pluvialis and E. carotinosa has, once again, placed coccoid algae at the center of systematic debate. The only apparent similarity between these two species is the ability to produce astaxanthin. Because the 18S rDNA results were not particularly robust, additional data from the internal transcribed spacer 2 rRNA and 26S rRNA genes were collected. Results from analyses of these data corroborated a close alliance between E. carotinosa and H. pluvialis. In addition, the 18S rDNA data set was expanded using new, published data from other species of Ettlia. Phylogenetic analyses of this updated matrix confirmed the existence of at least four distinct Ettlia lineages. These observations indicated that (1) additional taxonomic revision of the genus Ettlia is needed, (2) E. carotinosa need not be merged into the genus Haematococcus, (3) the case of H. pluvialis and E. carotinosa is an example of cryptic similarity, and (4) the extraordinarily close alliance between E. carotinosa and H. pluvialis offers an ideal system to study patterns of gene expression and morphogenesis in unicellular eukaryotes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Morphological diversity masks phylogenetic similarity ofEttliaandHaematococcus(Chlorophyceae)

et al. 2015

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“…Total DNA was extracted from lyophilised cells from both mixotrophic and autotrophic cultures following the procedure outlined by Chen et al [18]. Subsequently small subunit (SSU) RNA gene sequences for 18S, ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers detailed in Huss et al [19] and Hoshina and Fuiwara [20]. Purified PCR products were sequenced (Eurofins MWG Operon) in forward and reverse directions using cycle sequencing technology on an ABI 3730XL sequencing machine.…”

Section: Identification Of the Microalgamentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic carbon metabolism in a fast growing mixotrophic freshwater microalgal species Micractinium inermum

Smith

Bangert

Wilkinson

et al. 2015

Biomass and Bioenergy

110

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Available online xxxKeywords: Microalgae Carbon dioxide Mixotrophic growth Synergistic Biodiesel Dissolved inorganic carbon a b s t r a c tIn recent years microalgae have attracted significant interest as a potential source of sustainable biofuel. Mixotrophic microalgae are able to simultaneously photosynthesise while assimilating and metabolising organic carbon. By combining autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolic pathways biomass productivity can be significantly increased. In this study, acetate-fed mixotrophic Micractinium inermum cultures were found to have a specific growth rate 1.74 times the sum of autotrophic and heterotrophic growth. It was hypothesised that gas exchange between the two metabolic pathways within mixotrophic cultures may have prevented growth limitation and enhanced growth. To determine the extent of synergistic gas exchange and its influence on metabolic activity, dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved oxygen (DO) and photosynthesis and respiration rates were measured under different trophic conditions. A 32.7 fold and 2.4 fold increase in DIC and DO concentrations, relative to autotrophic and heterotrophic cultures respectively, were coupled with significant increases in rates of photosynthesis and respiration. These data strongly support the hypothesis of mixotrophic gas exchange within M. inermum cultures. In addition to enhanced growth, this phenomenon may provide reductions in aeration and oxygen stripping costs related to microalgae production.Please cite this article in press as: Smith RT, et al., Synergistic carbon metabolism in a fast growing mixotrophic freshwater microalgal species Micractinium inermum, Biomass and Bioenergy (2015), http://dx.

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“…Regardless, morphological characteristics are not given much weight in the current classification for the Chlorellaceae, necessitating a reliance on DNA comparisons (Luo et al . ; Hoshina & Fujiwara ).…”

Section: Morphological and Cytological Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these morphological and cytological characters are common in chlorellacean taxa, and are referred to as 'Chlorella-like'. Regardless, morphological characteristics are not given much weight in the current classification for the Chlorellaceae, necessitating a reliance on DNA comparisons Hoshina & Fujiwara 2013).…”

Section: Morphological and Cytological Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brandtia ciliaticola gen. et sp. nov. (Chlorellaceae, Trebouxiophyceae) a common symbiotic green coccoid of various ciliate species

Hoshina

Kobayashi

Suzaki

et al. 2017

Phycological Research

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SUMMARY Many freshwater protists harbor unicellular green algae within their cells and these host‐symbiont relationships slowly are becoming better understood. Recently, we reported that several ciliate species shared a single species of symbiotic algae. Nonetheless, the algae from different host ciliates were each distinguishable by their different genotypes, and these host‐algal genotype combinations remained unchanged throughout a 15‐month period of sampling from natural populations. The same algal species had been reported as the shared symbiont of several ciliates from a remote lake. Consequently, this alga appears to play a key role in ciliate‐algae symbioses. In the present study, we successfully isolated the algae from ciliate cells and established unialgal cultures. This species is herein named Brandtia ciliaticola gen. et sp. nov. and has typical ‘Chlorella‐like’ morphology, being a spherical autosporic coccoid with a single chloroplast containing a pyrenoid. The alga belongs to the Chlorella‐clade in Chlorellaceae (Trebouxiophyceae), but it is not strongly connected to any of the other genera in this group. In addition to this phylogenetic distinctiveness, a unique compensatory base change in the SSU rRNA gene is decisive in distinguishing this genus. Sequences of SSU‐ITS (internal transcribed spacer) rDNA for each isolate were compared to those obtained previously from the same host ciliate. Consistent algal genotypes were recovered from each host, which strongly suggests that B. ciliaticola has established a persistent symbiosis in each ciliate species.

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Molecular characterization of Chlorella cultures of the National Institute for Environmental Studies culture collection with description of Micractinium inermum sp. nov., Didymogenes sphaerica sp. nov., and Didymogenes soliella sp. nov. (Chlorellaceae, Trebouxiophyceae)

Cited by 29 publications

References 41 publications

Morphological diversity masks phylogenetic similarity ofEttliaandHaematococcus(Chlorophyceae)

Morphological diversity masks phylogenetic similarity ofEttliaandHaematococcus(Chlorophyceae)

Synergistic carbon metabolism in a fast growing mixotrophic freshwater microalgal species Micractinium inermum

Brandtia ciliaticola gen. et sp. nov. (Chlorellaceae, Trebouxiophyceae) a common symbiotic green coccoid of various ciliate species

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