Molecular characterization of Camberwell virus and sequence variation in ORF3 of small round-structured (Norwalk-like) viruses

Abstract

Five small round-structured viruses (SRSVs) associated with gastroenteritis in Victoria, Australia, from January to November 1994 were examined by sequencing cDNA prepared from faecal samples using RT-PCR. The sequence of the 3' half (3.8 kb) of the genome of one of these viruses, Camberwell, was determined. Camberwell virus was related most closely to Bristol and Lordsdale viruses, and belonged to the genetic group of SRSVs containing Bristol, Lordsdale, Toronto, OTH-25, Mexico, and Hawaii viruses. The amino acid identities between Camberwell and Bristol viruses for proteins encoded by ORF1 (partial), ORF2, and ORF3 were 99%, 98%, and 90%, respectively. A highly variable region in ORF3 corresponding to amino acid residues 123 to 169 (Bristol and Camberwell numbering) were identified. Short segments of ORF1 (polymerase region) and the highly variable ORF3 region was analysed for the other four viruses. The results obtained indicated the potential usefulness of the variable region in distinguishing between closely related viruses.

Molecular analysis of norovirus in specimens from children enrolled in a 1982‐1986 study in Belém, Brazil: A community‐based longitudinal study

“…Little is known about the GII.4 NoV that may have circulated prior to the evolutionary pattern described in the Camberwell virus (Australia 1994) and MD145 virus (Maryland 1987). 66,67 Our samples contained NoVs that were more similar to the oldest NoV-GII.…”

Evaluation and application of reverse transcription loop‐mediated isothermal amplification for detection of noroviruses

“…All extracts that resulted in NV RT-PCR products of the appropriate size (330 bp for GI and 344 bp for GII) were sequenced with the same primers that were used for RT-PCR in both directions by using the BigDye Terminator v1.1 Cycle Sequencing kit (Applied Biosystems) as described previously [Cauchi et al, 1996]. The phylogenetic category was determined by using the blast search at http://www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/ search/blast-j.html.…”

A Predominant Role for Norwalk‐like Viruses as Agents of Epidemic Gastroenteritis in Maryland Nursing Homes for the Elderly

“…The GI virus in outbreak 14 was most related in its polymerase region to Southampton-like viruses in genetic cluster GI/2. The GII viruses detected in 14 separate outbreaks were most closely related to CV, a BV-like (GII/4) NLV strain associated with gastroenteritis in Australia in 1994 [57]. A partial polymerase region sequence of a virus in outbreak 140 (designated MD6) was described elsewhere and was deposited in GenBank under accession number U07613 [56].…”