Molecular Characterization of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Contaminated Chicken Meat Sold at Supermarkets in Bangkok, Thailand

Abstract

SUMMARY:We assessed contamination by antibiotic-resistant bacteria in chicken meat obtained from supermarkets in Bangkok, Thailand. The prevalence of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli was 18.7z (14/75) and 53z (106/200), respectively. Most probable number (MPN) analysis showed that 56.7z of the samples (34/60) were in violation of the limit of allowable coliform bacteria in chicken meat, for which the maximum is 46,000 MPN/g. Multidrug-resistant phenotypes of both S. enterica and E. coli were found. The presence of class 1 integrons was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and dot-blot hybridization. PCR showed that class 1 integrons were present in 42.9z (6/14) and 37.7z (40/106) of S. enterica and E. coli isolates, respectively. Resistance genes identified in this study were aadA2, aadA4, aadA22, and aadA23 (for aminoglycoside resistance); dfrA5 (for trimethoprim resistance), and lnuF (for lincosamide resistance). Four S. enterica isolates underwent multilocus sequence typing and the results were sequence type (ST) 50, ST 96, ST 1543, and ST 1549, which matched well with strains from many countries and reflected an international spread. Our study revealed that class 1 integrons have spread into community sources and might play an important role in horizontal antibiotic resistance gene transfer.

Antimicrobial Usage and Antimicrobial Resistance in Animal Production in Southeast Asia: A Review

“…In three publications, AMR was investigated in both E. coli and NTS isolates. The majority of publications included data from Thailand (20) [27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44] and Vietnam (15) [18,23,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55]. One publication was found with data from each of Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR and Malaysia [56,57,58,59].…”

“…The majority of studies investigating class 1 integrons came from Thailand (9) [29,32,34,35,36,38,39,103,111], followed by Vietnam (2) [48,112] and Malaysia (1) [104]. Aggregated data from all studies indicate that 1095 NTS and 1094 E. coli isolates were investigated for the presence of integrons by PCR amplification of the intI gene.…”

Prevalence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in healthy adults, foods, food animals, and the environment in selected areas in Thailand

“…[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] There are several previous microbiological surveys of food animals on farms, fresh meat samples from slaughterhouses and retail stores, exported fresh meat samples and vegetables, and stool samples from both healthy individuals and hospital patients from Thailand and several other countries. [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Almost all of these reports emphasized the ability of foodborne bacteria in causing gastrointestinal infections, especially Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Arcobacter species, though only a few studies described antibiotic-resistant E. coli. Many Salmonella species were isolated from these samples, most of which were resistant to antibiotics.…”

Antimicrobial resistance genotypes and phenotypes from multidrug-resistant bacterial wound infection isolates in Cambodia

“…Given the >90% sequence identity between the lnu(F)/lin(F) and lnu(G)/lin(G) genes, it is likely that these results represent detection of only one gene, rather than both. Rarely reported, lnu(F)/lin(F) and lnu(G)/lin(G) have been recently described in Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from this region or from travellers returning from Southeast Asia [22,23]. We anticipate that as screening of Enterobacteriaceae strains for lnu(F)/lin(F) and lnu(G)/lin(G) becomes more commonplace, heretofore unknown reservoirs for transfer of these and other resistance genes may be revealed, facilitating epidemiological mapping.…”