Molecular characterization and expression profiles in response to bacterial infection of Chinese soft-shelled turtle interleukin-8 (IL-8), the first reptilian chemokine gene

Zhou, Xiaodong; Guo, Qinghai; Dai, Heping

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2009.02.002

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Phylogenetic analysis showed a close evolutionary relationship between turtle GLO and bird GLO, in agreement with Iwabe et al [28], supporting the hypothesis that turtles were a sister group to a monophyletic cluster of archosaurs (birds and crocodiles). Furthermore, similar NJ tree structures were also found for genes in the immune system of birds and turtles [29][30][31].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

cDNA cloning and tissue expression for l-gulonolactone oxidase gene in soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis a species with the ability to synthesize ascorbic acid

2011

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The key enzyme required for ascorbic acid (vitamin C) biosynthesis in animals is L-gulonolactone oxidase (GLO). To understand molecular regulation of this enzyme in turtles, we cloned the complementary DNA (cDNA) for the GLO gene in soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis. The P. sinensis GLO cDNA was 1639 bp long and consisted of a 29-bp 5 0 -untranslated region (UTR), a 287-bp 3 0 -UTR, and a 1323-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a 440-amino-acid protein with 50.6 kDa predicted molecular mass and 6.54 theoretical isoelectric point (pI). Using MatGAT software, the amino acid sequence for P. sinensis GLO was analyzed against other known GLO sequences, and results revealed highest similarity (92.7%) and identity (81.6%) with red jungle fowl Gallus gallus. Phylogenetic analysis also revealed that the P. sinensis GLO amino acid sequence clustered together with red jungle fowl. Via both reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme activity analysis, we determined that GLO gene expression in soft-shelled turtle was kidney specific. The present study is the first to investigate the GLO gene and its tissue expression pattern in a reptile species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

cDNA cloning and tissue expression for l-gulonolactone oxidase gene in soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis a species with the ability to synthesize ascorbic acid

2011

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“…Interleukins are another class of cytokines conserved in vertebrate immunity, but they are not equally represented in all classes of vertebrates. Interleukin‐1, IL‐2 and IL‐8 are among the most preserved ILs in amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals . Additionally, IL‐1 has been identified in teleost fish with the same functions that it exhibits in other vertebrate species .…”

Section: Humoral Innate Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This molecule acts as a chemokine that participates in macrophage and leucocyte chemoattraction . It has been identified in elasmobranchs like dogfish ( Triakis scyllia ) and teleosts like Onchorhyncus mykiss, reptiles like Pelodiscus sinensis, domestic birds and mammals . However, no IL‐8 homologue gene has been reported in amphibians.…”

Section: Humoral Innate Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate immunity in vertebrates: an overview

2016

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SummaryInnate immunity is a semi-specific and widely distributed form of immunity, which represents the first line of defence against pathogens. This type of immunity is critical to maintain homeostasis and prevent microbe invasion, eliminating a great variety of pathogens and contributing with the activation of the adaptive immune response. The components of innate immunity include physical and chemical barriers, humoral and cell-mediated components, which are present in all jawed vertebrates. The understanding of innate defence mechanisms in non-mammalian vertebrates is the key to comprehend the general picture of vertebrate innate immunity and its evolutionary history. This is also essential for the identification of new molecules with applications in immunopharmacology and immunotherapy. In this review, we describe and discuss the main elements of vertebrate innate immunity, presenting core findings in this field and identifying areas that need further investigation.

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“…Following bacterial infection, IL-8 mRNA production was upregulated in all organs tested, including the liver, kidney, heart, intestine, blood and spleen. However, the biological function of the chemokine has not been tested (Zhou et al, 2009).…”

Section: Innate Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the vertebrate immune system: insights from the reptilian perspective

Zimmerman

Vogel

Bowden

2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

354

344

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Summary Reptiles are ectothermic amniotes, providing the key link between ectothermic anamniotic fishes and amphibians, and endothermic amniotic birds and mammals. A greater understanding of reptilian immunity will provide important insights into the evolutionary history of vertebrate immunity as well as the growing field of eco-immunology. Like mammals, reptile immunity is complex and involves innate, cell-mediated and humoral compartments but, overall, there is considerably less known about immune function in reptiles. We review the current literature on each branch of the reptilian immune system, placing this information in context to other vertebrates. Further, we identify key areas that are prime for research as well as areas that are lagging because of lack of reagents in non-model systems.

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Molecular characterization and expression profiles in response to bacterial infection of Chinese soft-shelled turtle interleukin-8 (IL-8), the first reptilian chemokine gene

Cited by 27 publications

References 40 publications

cDNA cloning and tissue expression for l-gulonolactone oxidase gene in soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis a species with the ability to synthesize ascorbic acid

cDNA cloning and tissue expression for l-gulonolactone oxidase gene in soft-shelled turtle Pelodiscus sinensis a species with the ability to synthesize ascorbic acid

Innate immunity in vertebrates: an overview

Understanding the vertebrate immune system: insights from the reptilian perspective

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