Molecular Breeding and Drought Tolerance in Chickpea

Abstract

Cicer arietinum L. is the third greatest widely planted imperative pulse crop worldwide, and it belongs to the Leguminosae family. Drought is the utmost common abiotic factor on plants, distressing their water status and limiting their growth and development. Chickpea genotypes have the natural ability to fight drought stress using certain strategies viz., escape, avoidance and tolerance. Assorted breeding methods, including hybridization, mutation, and marker-aided breeding, genome sequencing along with omics approaches, could be used to improve the chickpea germplasm lines(s) against drought stress. Root features, for instance depth and root biomass, have been recognized as the greatest beneficial morphological factors for managing terminal drought tolerance in the chickpea. Marker-aided selection, for example, is a genomics-assisted breeding (GAB) strategy that can considerably increase crop breeding accuracy and competence. These breeding technologies, notably marker-assisted breeding, omics, and plant physiology knowledge, underlined the importance of chickpea breeding and can be used in future crop improvement programmes to generate drought-tolerant cultivars(s).

The Exploitation of Genetic Variability and Trait Association Analysis for Diverse Quantitative Traits in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…"Grain yield is a complex trait and highly influenced by many genetic factors and environmental fluctuations. In plant breeding programme, direct selection for yield as such could be misleading [8][9][10]. A successful selection depends upon the information on the genetic variability and association of morphoagronomic traits with grain yield" [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Integrating Omics Approaches for Climate-Resilient Crops: A Comprehensive Review

“…Transcriptome profiling allows researchers to monitor gene expression changes and understand gene functions in a more dynamic context. Early transcriptomic studies used traditional profiling techniques like cDNAs-AFLP, differential display-PCR (DD-PCR), and suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), but these methods had limited resolution [40]. With the advancement of robust techniques, RNA expression profiling has evolved through methods such as microarrays, digital gene expression profiling, next-generation sequencing (NGS), RNA-seq, and serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) [41].…”

Genetic Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Yield Attributing Parameters in Indian Mustard

“…diversity among individuals or populations can be determined using morphological [33][34][35][36], biochemical [2,37,38], and molecular approaches [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. It is now possible to quantify the magnitude of diversity among germplasm for use in breeding programme evaluation by employing biometrical methods like multivariate analysis [55] based on Mahalanobis [56], D 2 statistics, and Ward's no-hierarchical squared Euclidean distance method.…”