Molecular Biology in the Improvement of Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Rhizobia and Extending the Scope to Cereals

Goyal, Ravinder K.; Schmidt, María Auxiliadora; Hynes, Michael F.

doi:10.3390/microorganisms9010125

Cited by 42 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 198 publications

(107 reference statements)

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“…The expected benefit of the relationship for the host plants in all of these associations and symbioses is the fixed-nitrogen from the symbiotic partner, who will in return obtain reduced carbon and essential resources from the host plants [194,202]. The N 2 -fixing bacteria associated to plant roots may offer the necessary mechanisms to shield the nitrogenase complex from oxygen exposure i.e., the oxygen demand of the respiratory system in the nodule is satisfied adequately by simultaneously protecting nitrogenase from O 2 [196,203]. According to Scheublin et al, [204] legumes potentially establish a three-way symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium, as well as AMF, the phosphorus-acquirer.…”

Section: Leguminous and Non-leguminous Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Abiotic Stress on Soil Microbiome

Rahman

Hamid

Nadarajah

2021

IJMS

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Rhizospheric organisms have a unique manner of existence since many factors can influence the shape of the microbiome. As we all know, harnessing the interaction between soil microbes and plants is critical for sustainable agriculture and ecosystems. We can achieve sustainable agricultural practice by incorporating plant-microbiome interaction as a positive technology. The contribution of this interaction has piqued the interest of experts, who plan to do more research using beneficial microorganism in order to accomplish this vision. Plants engage in a wide range of interrelationship with soil microorganism, spanning the entire spectrum of ecological potential which can be mutualistic, commensal, neutral, exploitative, or competitive. Mutualistic microorganism found in plant-associated microbial communities assist their host in a number of ways. Many studies have demonstrated that the soil microbiome may provide significant advantages to the host plant. However, various soil conditions (pH, temperature, oxygen, physics-chemistry and moisture), soil environments (drought, submergence, metal toxicity and salinity), plant types/genotype, and agricultural practices may result in distinct microbial composition and characteristics, as well as its mechanism to promote plant development and defence against all these stressors. In this paper, we provide an in-depth overview of how the above factors are able to affect the soil microbial structure and communities and change above and below ground interactions. Future prospects will also be discussed.

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Section: Leguminous and Non-leguminous Plantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Abiotic Stress on Soil Microbiome

Rahman

Hamid

Nadarajah

2021

IJMS

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“…A breakthrough research has enabled the simultaneous measurement of rhizobial competitiveness and N 2 fixation in nodules (Mendoza-Suárez et al, 2020). The studies indicate that introduction of modified strains for improved SNF efficiency and other symbiotic characteristics face a tough competition for their performance from the native strains (Goyal et al, 2021). An indigenous rhizobia can dilute or even abolish the positive effect of an inoculant (Dwivedi et al, 2015).…”

Section: Rhizobial-host Interaction and Snf Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prominent factors that influence the symbiotic process are discussed below (Figure 3). Genetic improvements of strains for better adaptation to a specific stress have been recently reviewed (Goyal et al, 2021).…”

Section: Environmental Factors Affecting Snfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizobial–Host Interactions and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legume Crops Toward Agriculture Sustainability

2021

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Symbiotic nitrogen fixation (SNF) process makes legume crops self-sufficient in nitrogen (N) in sharp contrast to cereal crops that require an external input by N-fertilizers. Since the latter process in cereal crops results in a huge quantity of greenhouse gas emission, the legume production systems are considered efficient and important for sustainable agriculture and climate preservation. Despite benefits of SNF, and the fact that chemical N-fertilizers cause N-pollution of the ecosystems, the focus on improving SNF efficiency in legumes did not become a breeder’s priority. The size and stability of heritable effects under different environment conditions weigh significantly on any trait useful in breeding strategies. Here we review the challenges and progress made toward decoding the heritable components of SNF, which is considerably more complex than other crop allelic traits since the process involves genetic elements of both the host and the symbiotic rhizobial species. SNF-efficient rhizobial species designed based on the genetics of the host and its symbiotic partner face the test of a unique microbiome for its success and productivity. The progress made thus far in commercial legume crops with relevance to the dynamics of host–rhizobia interaction, environmental impact on rhizobial performance challenges, and what collectively determines the SNF efficiency under field conditions are also reviewed here.

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“…Improving the contribution of BNF by legumes to agricultural systems@ is currently central to different strategies to mitigate the environmental impacts of agriculture as it contributes to recoupling the carbon and nitrogen cycles in agro-ecosystems and enhancing soil nutrient pools while increasing nutrient use efficiency at the levels of diverse cropping systems (Louarn et al, 2015). Various strategies are used to improve the process in an existing symbiotic relationship and widen the scope to non-symbiotic commercial crops, and the success of these strategies depends on how well the process of BNF is understood (Goyal et al, 2021). As a whole, an increment in the level of nitrogen fixed could be attained by exploiting the legumes yield within the constraints imposed by agronomic, nutritional, or ecological factors.…”

Section: Strategies For Improving Bnf Of Legumes and Associated Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution, Utilization, and Improvement of Legumes-Driven Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Agricultural Systems

Kebede

2021

Front. Sustain. Food Syst.

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Legumes improve soil fertility through the symbiotic association with microorganisms, such as rhizobia, which fix the atmospheric nitrogen and make nitrogen available to the host and other crops by a process known as biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). Legumes included in the cropping system improve the fertility of the soil and the yield of crops. The advantages of legumes in the cropping system are explained in terms of direct nitrogen transfer, residual fixed nitrogen, nutrient availability and uptake, effect on soil properties, breaking of pests' cycles, and enhancement of other soil microbial activity. The best benefits from the legumes and BNF system can be utilized by integrating them into cropping systems. The most common practices to integrate legumes and their associated BNF into agricultural systems are crop rotation, simultaneous intercropping, improved fallows, green manuring, and alley cropping. However, the level of utilizing nitrogen fixation requires improvement of the systems, such as selecting appropriate legume genotypes, inoculation with effective rhizobia, and the use of appropriate agronomic practices and cropping systems. Therefore, using legumes at their maximum genetic potential, inoculation of legumes with compatible rhizobia, and using appropriate agronomic practices and cropping systems are very important for increasing food production. Importantly, the utilization of legumes as an integral component of agricultural practice in promoting agricultural productivity has gained more traction in meeting the demand of food production of the world populace. Priority should, thus, be given to value the process of BNF through more sustainable technologies and expansion of knowledge to the system.

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Molecular Biology in the Improvement of Biological Nitrogen Fixation by Rhizobia and Extending the Scope to Cereals

Cited by 42 publications

References 198 publications

Effects of Abiotic Stress on Soil Microbiome

Effects of Abiotic Stress on Soil Microbiome

Rhizobial–Host Interactions and Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation in Legume Crops Toward Agriculture Sustainability

Contribution, Utilization, and Improvement of Legumes-Driven Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Agricultural Systems

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