“…Therefore, properties of the Pd based model heterogeneous catalyst systems for gas/solid interfaces have been investigated extensively in our laboratories . Particularly, Pd single crystal surfaces [3], [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] Pd/X bimetallic systems (X= Mo [22][23][24][25], Ru [26][27][28][29], Cu [28;30], Ta [25;29;31], W [25;29;32;33], Re [25-27;29] ), Pd/X/Y trimetallic systems (X/Y= Cu/Mo [34], Au/Mo [34]), Pd clusters deposited on SiO 2 [10;35-41], Al 2 O 3 [42][43][44][45][46][47], TiO 2 [48][49][50][51] and MgO [49;51] have been examined using various surface spectroscopic tools.…”